OF THE HUMAN FAMILY. 157 



brothor, Ilii' -je, and he calls me his yomigcr brother, IIa'-(ja ; if youngor, these 

 terms arc reversed. My father's brother's daughter is my elder or younger sister ; 

 if older than myself, 1 call her my elder sister, Ah'-Je, and she calls me her younger 

 brother, Ha'-gd ; but if younger I call her my younger sister, Ka'-yti, and she calls 

 me her elder brother. This constitutes a fourth indicative feature. It creates the 

 relationships of brother and sister amongst the children of several brothers. To 

 distinguish these from own brothers and sisters they will hereafter be called coUa- 

 teral brothers and sisters. The son and daughter of this collateral brother are my 

 son and daughter, and I apply to them the same terms, Ha-ah'-vmh and Ka-ali' -iruh- , 

 I would to my own children. In turn they call me father. The children of the 

 latter are my grandchildren, each of them addressing me by the correlative term. 

 On the other hand, the son and daughter of this collateral sister are my nephew 

 and niece, Har-yal -wan-da and Ka-yd'-tmn-da, and call me uncle ; their children are 

 my grandchildren, each of them calling me grandfather. With myself a female, 

 the preceding relationships are the same until the children of these collateral 

 brothers and sisters are reached, when they are reversed. The son and daughter 

 of this brother are my nephew and niece, Ha-soli'-neh and Ka-soh'-neh, each of them 

 calling me aunt ; and their children are my grandchildren, each of them calHng me 

 grandmother ; whilst the son and daughter of this sister are my son and daughter, 

 each of them calling me mother, and their children are my grandchildren each 

 of them addressing me by the correlative term. It thus appears that the principle 

 of classification in the first collateral line is carried into the second ; and it shows 

 that my father's brother's sons and daughters are admitted to all intents and pur- 

 poses into the same relationships as my own brothers and sisters, the same being 

 equally true of the children and descendants of each. 



In the female branch of this line, with myself a male, my father's sister is my 

 aunt, Ah-cja'-htic, and she calls me her nephew. This is a fifth indicative feature 

 of the system. The relationship of aunt is restricted to the sisters of my father, 

 and, as Avill hereafter be seen, to the sisters of such other persons as stand to me 

 in the relation of a father, to the exclusion of the sisters of my mother. My 

 fiithcr's sister's son and daugliter are each my cousin, Ah-gdrc -seh, each of them 

 calling me cousin; the son and daughter of my male cousin are my son and 

 daughter, each of them calling me father, and their children are my grandchildren, 

 each of them calling me grandfather : but the children of my female cousins are 

 my nephews and nieces, each of them calling me uncle; and their children are my 

 grandchildren, each of them applying to me the proper correlative. "With myself 

 a female, the relationships of the children of my male and female cousins are 

 reversed, whilst all the others in this branch of the line are the same. The 

 relationship of cousin does not form an indicative feature of the system, although 

 its existence is remarkable. It would seem to be intended as a part of this plan 

 of consanguinity that the children of a brother and sister should stand to each 

 other in a more remote relationship than the children of brothers, on one hand, and 

 the children of their sisters on the other, but without prescribing the relationship 

 itself. As there are ruder forms, in many of the nations, than that of cousin and 

 cousin, it is to be inferred that the latter relationship did not exist in the primitive 



