OF T II E II U M A N F A M I L Y. 



673 



Comparative Table op the Tonuan and Fijian System of Relationship. 



Made by Ilcv. Loriniur Fison, Rowa, Fiji, December, 1869. 



Native pronouns.— ToDgan : Eku or Hohi = my. Fijian : Nunt/iju or Nlnggu suffixed = my. 



Description of person 



1. My father' 



2. " mother 



3. " son 



4. " daughter 



5. " grandson 



li. " granddaugliter.- 



7. " great grandson 



8. " great granddaughter 



y. ** great great grandson 



10. " great great granddaughter 



11. " elder brother (ma/e s/)c«i-i';i(y) 



12. ** *' '* (^female speaking) 



13. " elder sister (m. s.).. 



14. " " " (/..».) 



15. " younger brother (w. s.) 



Irt- " " " (/-O 



17. " " sister (m. s.) 



18- " " " (/•»•) 



19. " brothers 



2(1. " sisters 



21. ** father's brother 



22. " father's elder brother 



23. " father's younger brother 



24. " father's brother's wife 



25. " father's sister 



26. " father's sister's husband (See No. 68) 



27. " mother's brother 



28. " mother's brother's wife 



29. " mother's sister 



30. " mother's elder sister 



31. " mother's younger sister 



32. " mother's sister's husband 



33. " brother's son (m. s.) 



34. " brother's sou's wife («i. .?.) 



35. " brother's daughter (m. s.) 



3(). " brother's daughter's husband (ni. s.).. 



37. " brother's grandson (m. s.) 



38. " brother's granddaughter (m. s.) 



39. " brother's great grandson (m. s.) 



40. " brother's great granddaughter (m. s. ). 



41. " sister's son (m. s.) 



42. " sister's son's wife (m. s.) 



43. " sister's daughter (m. s.) 



44. " sister's daughter's husband (m. s. )'.... 



45. " sister's graudsou (w. s.) 



4(3. " sister's granddaughter (m. s.) 



47. " sister's great grandson (m. s.) 



48. " sister's great granddaughter (»i. s.) ... 



49. " sister's son (/. s.) 



50. " sister's son's wife (/. s.) 



51. " sister's daughter (y". s.) 



52. " sister's daughter's husband ( /. s.).... 



53. " sister's grandson ( /. s.) 



54. " sister's grauddaughter (/". s.) 



Relationship in Toogan. 

 (Friendly Islandeiu.) 



Eku tamii 



Kku fa'e 



Ho'ku fo'ha 



Ho'ku ofeli'ne 



Ho'ku mokopu'na 



Ho'ku molvopQ'na 



Ho'ku mokopuna ua 



Ho'ku mokopuna ua 



Ho'ku mokopuna tolu.... 

 Ho'ku mokopuua tolu.... 



Hoku taokete 



Hoku taokete, or hoku 



tuoga'ani 

 Hoku taokete, or hoku 



tuofefine 



Hoku taokete 



Hoku tehina 



Hoku tehina, or tuoga'ani 

 Hoku tehina, or tuofefine 



Hoku tehina 



Hoku gahi toko'ua- 



See 19. 



Eku tamai 



Eku tamai 



Eku tamai 



Eku fae 



Hoku mehekitaga 



Hoku matapule 



Hoku tuajiua 



Eku fae 



Eku fae 



Eku fae 



Eku fae 



Eku tamai 



Eku foha 



Eku ofefine 



Eku ofefine 



Hoku foha 



Hoku mokopuna 



Hoku mokopuua 



Hoku mokopuna ua 



Hoku mokopuna ua 



Hoku ilamutu 



Eku fanau' 



Hoku ilamutu 



Eku fanau 



Hoka mokopuna 



Hoka mokopuna 



Hoka mokopuua ua 



Hoka mokopuna ua 



Eku tama 



Eku tahine' 



Eku takine 



Eku tama 



Hoka mokopuna 



Hoka mokopuna 



My father. 



" mother. 



" son. 



" daughter. 



" grandson. 



" granddaughter. 



" grandsou-two. 



" granddaughter-two, 



" grandson-tliree. 



" gr'ddaughter-three. 



" elder brother. 



" elder brother. 



" elder sister. 



younger brother, 

 younger sister, 

 brothers, &i;. 



father. 



mother. 



aunt, 



chief. 



uncle. 



mother. 



father. 



son. 



daughter. 



son. 



grandson. 



granddaughter. 



great grandson. 



gt. granddaughter. 



nephew. 



child. 



niece. 



child. 



grandson. 



granddaughter. 



great grandson. 



gt. granddaughter. 



boy. 



girl. 



boy. 



grandson. 



granddaughter. 



Relations)) Ip in Rewan. 

 (Fijian.) 



Tama'nggu 



Tina'nggu 



Luvg'nggu tanga'ne 



Ijuve'nggu aliiwi 



Ma'kubu'nggu tangdne... 



Ma'kubii'nggu aldwa 



Nongu vtt (see Remarks a) 



Nongu vu 



Nongu vu 



Nongu vu 



Tuaka'nggu 



Nga'ne'uggu 



Nga'ne'nggu 



Tuaka'nggu 



Tatlu'nggu 



Nga'nenggu 



Nga'nenggu 



Tathinggu^ 



Tama'nggu 



Tama'nggu lavu 



Tama'nggu lili 



Ti'na'nngu lavu or lailai 



Vungo'-nggu 



Vungo'-nggu 



Vungo'-nggu 



Vungo'-nggu 



Tina'nggu 



Tina'nggu lavu' 



Tina'nggu lili 



Tama'nggu 



Luvenggu 



Vungo'nggu 



Luvenggu 



Vungo'nggu 



Makubunggu 



Makubunggu 



Noqu vu 



Noqu vu 



Vungo'nggu, or noqu vasu, 

 or noqu vatii'vu' 



Luve'nggu (?) 



Vungonggu 



Luve nggu 



Ma'kubiinggu 



Ma'kubiinggu 



Nonggu vu 



Nouggu vu 



Luvenggu 



Vunggo'nggu 



Luvenggu 



Vungo'nggu 



Ma'kabunggu 



Ma'kabiinggu 



My father. 



" mother. 



" child, male. 



" child, female. 



" grandchild, male. 



" grandchild, female. 



" source. 



elder brother. 



" younger brother. 

 " younger sister. 



father. 



great father. 



little father. 



gt. (or lit.) mother. 



aunt. 



uncle. 



aunt. 



mother. 



great mother. 



little mother. 



father. 



son. 



niece. 



daughter. 



nephew. 



grandson. 



granddaughter. 



source. 



nephew. 



daughter. 



niece. 



son. 



grandson. 



granddaughter. 



source. 



son. 



niece. 



daughter. 



nephew. 



grandson. 



granddaughter. 



' The arrangement of the working schedule is followed in the Table. 



^ Gahi tokoiiua includes sisters also, children of father's brothers and mother's sisters, and in fact all the tantchina. Gahi is but the sign of the 

 plural. There is no specific term for "brothers" or" sisters" separately, though, speaking loosely, 1 may call my brothers or my sisters hoku gahi 

 toko'ua. 



Mf I am the eldest, I can speak of them as tathinggu ; if the youngest, as tuakanggn ; but there is no one word by which I can speak of them all, 

 if I be not either the eldest or the youngest. So also a woman cannot speak of her sisters by any one word, unless she be the eldest or the youngest 

 But a male can speak of his (all his") sisters as ngane-na = his sisters. So also can a woman speak of all her brothers as ngane-na = her 

 brothers. 



' In future I shall write vungonggu only. 



5 Eku fanau means literally my children, all my children ; but it is used thus in the singular for this relationship and for others similar. 



" Tiiese are considered to be "my children," though they are thus called "my boy," "my girl." My son's wife is "eku taliine" only while she is 

 betrothed to him, which may be from earliest childhood. When they are married she becomes "eku tama," though she is a female, or "eku fefine" 

 = my woman. Tahine = an unmarried girl. 



