j^ LUCERNARLE AND THEIR ALLIES. 



umbclla ; and since the anchors were then, doubtless, merely tentacles in form, 

 there must have been sixteen tentacles standing isolatedly and equidistantly, forming 

 a sin<'-le row on the margin of the umbella. In otlier genera, like Calvadosia and 

 Lucernaria, wliich have no anchors, there probably were, at a period corresponding 

 to this, eio-ht single tentacles at as many equidistant points. When describing 

 these bodies in tlieir adult state (^ 89, 90), we pointed out the singular relation 

 which eacli bunch bears to every other one in regard to its taxis and its general con- 

 formation. We find tlie same peculiarity here, and, moreover, an explanation of it 

 is also presented to us by tlie mode of development of the tentacles. In the spe- 

 cimen under present consideration, there are only four tentacles in some of tiie 

 bunches ( fiijs. 121, A, A'). Their relative position is made out at a glance, as it were ; 

 they evidently belong to no less than tliree parallel, concentric rows, the oldest 

 standinsr on the distal side, and the youngest nearest to the proboscis. The fol- 

 lowing diagram, at the head of the next paragraph, and the figures {figs. 121, A, 

 A', 122, A), in the plate, will serve to illustrate their taxis, as wdl as their succes- 

 sion in development. 



150. The figure 1 represents the primary tentacle, standing in 

 the most distal row. That it is alone in the group is shown by the 

 position of the two nearest (2 and 2^), as they not only lie nearer 

 the axis of the body, but actually unite at their bases across 

 the proximal side of number 1, and form the second row; and 

 number 3, the smallest, stands still further in toward the proboscis, 

 but opposite to 1, and alternating Avith 2 and 2'', and is the first of the third row.' 

 Why we have numbered those of the second row 2 and 2^, instead af both alike. 



' In N. Am. Acalepha;, Illust. Cat. Mils. Comp. Zool., by Ale.xander Agassiz, p. 63, fig. 90, there 

 is an illustration of wliat purports to be a young Halichjatus auricula, "about one-tenth of an inch 

 in height." It is sliglitly larger than the one whieh we arc just now describing, and should, there- 

 fore, exhibit in the arrangement of its tentacles more of the characters of the adult. On the 

 contrary, however, the author says, "the arrangement of the tentacles is totally different from that 

 of the adult. They are as yet not arranged in clusters, but placed at regular intervals in one line 

 on the edge of the disk." There is here such a marked discrepancy between the figure and the 

 ostensible description that we are driven to suspect that the latter was intended for a totally different 

 animal. So far from being in one line, the figure shows the single oldest tentacle overlapping the 

 two of the next inner row, as it should be, when seen from the distal side of the group. Now, 

 tentacles cannot well be "in one line," when of a number near together, as in the figure of the 

 youngest group which is here described, two unite at their bases in front of the primary one, and 

 separate it from the single one of the third inner row. Assuredly these are in a cluster. Again, 

 we find another discrepancy between the figure and the description of our author in regard to the 

 anchors, when he says, "No difference can at present be detected between the anchors and the ten- 

 tacles of the disk," whereas the figure plainly shows the swollen colletocystigerous mass just below 

 the tip of each organ, giving it a strongly humped appearance. The figure is in perfect accordance 

 with our observations, but the description might apply to a Carduella ; and singularly enough the 

 author says, "The young Lucernaria is in this state a close representative of the genus Carduella 

 which may possibly prove to be only the young of some European species." Now this looks very 

 much as if the description was taken from a genuine Carduella, and, if so, we congratulate the dis- 

 coverer, while by some inadvertence the wrong figure was supplied to illustrate it, representing the 

 young of a genus belonging to a different family ; but the figure is in the right place among the 

 Eleulherocarpidse, and the description, perhaps, should be among the Cleidocarpidse. 



