4-2 FHVKR. 



amoimt both of the luat thrown off, .uid also of tliat lost h\ tlic animal from its 

 hoilily store; for tlio bodily temperature may fall in sueh a case, but not enough to 

 cover the increased dissipation, and under sueh circumstances there would be of 

 course increased production of lieat. Hereafter in this memoir the heat which is 

 stored up in the animal, will be simken of iis^'^JiaU rr/<r7-i-c." In calculating its 

 amount, it is necessary to know the specific heat of the organism. Accurate ex- 

 perimental determination of this I have found almost impossible. At first, it seemed 

 Kutlicient to kill the animal, plun;,'e its botly in a known weij,'ht of water in a closed 

 wooden vessel, and study the elevation of the temperature of the water and the 

 depression of that of the body. A sinf,'le exi)eriment showed the fallacy of this 

 method. Chemical opirations undoubtedly continue after death, and the amount 

 of heat yielded was so nmrkedly in excess as to show that there was a notable con- 

 tinuous production of the force. Ileatinj^ the body of an animal long dead might 

 do better, but presents many practical difficulties. To heat the carcass uniforndy 

 through is verv troublesome, and recjuires so much time, that diemical changes, 

 coagulation, absorption of watir, etc., would with great difficulty, if at all, be 

 avoided. Moreover, as the composition of the body is constantly varying, so must 

 also its specific heat. I have been led by these considerations to despair of any 

 experimental solution of the problem as to the specific heat of animals. 



Fortunatt'ly, in the jjresent instance, an estimation of the specific heat, sufficiently 

 accurate for our purpose, can be made by taking advantage of the law that the 

 sju'cific heat of a mass is the proportionate mean of the •specific, heat of its coni- 

 l>oncnt parts. 



According to the generally accepted results of ^folesehott 08 per cent, of the 

 bodv is water; the specific heat of which may be taken as 1. Supposing the specific 

 heat of the remaining dried solids to bo that of stone 0.2'2, the calculati-d specific 

 heat of the body would be 0.75. This may, I think, be taken as a fair average of 

 the ever varying specific Ix-at of the body. AVith it the experiments already detailed 

 may be further studied for the purpose of determining whether section of the cord 

 is followed by increased or diminished heat production. 



UtrollE >ECTIi>N. 



After Skction 



SuMMAUr. 



Experiment 25. 



Ilrat (lissipatnl hnnrif 48.071.3 



Heat lost from reserve' (18 X l-'l-'' X 0.7.5) 19.305 



Hiiorly hoot prt«laction 28.7663 



II' it .1 !|.al<'.l lionrly 99.0755 



ll.;it i.ilv, a friiiii ri'.s.Tvr iIH V f, 2.'> V T.'il 84.375 



14.7005 



Meat prmlncoil hourly Ix-forc noction 2fl.7663 



Iluarly production of heat immeiliatoly nflcr ooction 14.7005 



HoHtitf lots of heqt produrtion foUmcing terlinn 14.065fl 



ij .. , -|. ;, is not rrponloci hero, only the Tnlne of the re(»|K>ctlre fmrtowof 



the i'<|ualiun being gircn ; t in always taki-n an the full or rise of the aiiiuial tcniptTaturc in one hour. 



