72 PREHISTORIC FISHING. 



towards the top, which is bi'oad, for the purpose of fastening the line. It was 

 found in a bog containing fresh water, and has no doubt been used for catching 

 pike, of which enormously large skeletons have been found in the bogs of Scania. 

 I know no other fresh-water fish in Scania for which such a large-sized hook 

 could have been used."* 



A bone fish-hook of more primitive appearance, i^rcserved in the collection 

 of the Society for Pomeranian History and Archaeology, at Stettin, is rejiresented 

 on the preceding page in Fig. 92. This specimen Avas found imbedded in marl, 

 fourteen feet below the surface, near Roddies, District of Rummelsburg, Pom- 

 erania. It is figured and described by Mr. Christensen.f 



Fig. 93, on the same page, is copied from " Materiaux." It shows the form 

 of a fish-hook of reindeer-horn, preserved in the Museum of Christiania, Norway, 

 and taken from a grave in the Norwegian part of Lapland. These graves, situated 

 on the Island of Kjelmoe, in the Waranger Fjord, close to the Russian frontier, con- 

 tained corpses wrapped in bands of willow-bark. With them, or scattered over the 

 surface of the soil, were found pottery, reminding one of that of the dolmens, pieces 

 of asbestus (use unknown), and a large number of objects made of reindeer-bone, 

 such as combs, arrow and lance-heads, fish-hooks, spoons, etc. The age to which 

 these antiquities belong has not yet been established.! Though, in all probabil- 

 ity, they are post-neolithic, I did not deem it amiss to give a figure of that 

 curiously-shaped fish-hook. The representation presumably shows the object in 

 natural size. 



Harpoon-heads. — Several ancient harj^oon-heads of bone are described by 

 Professor Nilsson in his work on the primitive inhabitants of Scandinavia. § 



* Nilsson : Primitive Inhabitants ; p. 24. 



f Christensen : ZurGescliiclite des Aiigelhalcens ; Deutsche Fischerei-Zeitung ; Stettin, March 22, 1881; p. 95. 



% Cazalis de Fondouce: Compte-rendu du Congres International d'Archeologie et d'Anthropologie Prehisto- 

 riques de Copenhague ; 2« Partie ; Materiaux ; Vol. VI, 1870 ; p. 221 ; figure on the same page. 



§ It should he stated that some of the hone darts to he described may he of post-neolithic origin. In Sweden, 

 for instance, bone-headed javelins were still used at a time when bronze was known. Professor Nilsson furnishes 

 tlie following proof : — 



" When, about thirty years ago, a level piece of ground near the village of Tygelsjo, in the South of Scania, 

 was to be cultivated, there were found, close under the surface of the earth, a number of skeletons of human 

 beings, wlio had been interred there, and round each skeleton was a row of stones forming an elongated square 

 seven feet by tliree. This manner of interring the dead occurs only amongst tlioso nations who used weapons of 

 bronze, and probably only amongst tlie poor, never amongst people who used only stone weapons. As a further 

 proof that these slceletons belonged to a tribe which, when settling in the South of Sweden, were in possession of 

 bronze, I may mention that one of the skeletons, probably that of a woman, had round one of the arm-bones a 

 spiral ring made of semi-circular bronze wire, such as was worn by the people of tlie bronze age. 



" The skull of one of the skeletons was pierced with a javelin of bone, made from the point of the antler of 

 an elk, which, when it came into my hands, was mutilated, but, when found, had been quite perfect ; about seven 

 inches long, round, having the smaller end pointed, the thicker cut off straight, and about an inch in diameter." — 

 Primitive Inhabitants ; p. 171. 



