8 DKEI'-SKA FTSIIRS OF TUK ATLANTIC HASIN. 



Srymiiiishoiralin, Fi.uMiNO, British Animals. 1828, 166.— VAUltiCLi., IJrit. Fish., Ist ed.. II, 103, 2(\ od., il, .">27,— 

 SwAIxsd.N, Fishes, li, 315.— Nll.ssox, Sk:uicl. Fauna, iv, 724.— TiioMi-sox, Nat. Hist. Iiclanil, n. 2.">."). 



Lmiiargiis honalh, MCi.i.iM! and Hi:nm,i:, dji. cil... 1838, 93.— Gai.mard, Voy. Groeiiland, Poiss., pi. xxn.— Vau- 

 uixi,, op. cil., 3d ed., ii, r>2l— DuMi:;i!ii„ Ichth., i, 4.5.5, jd. v, figs. 1-2.— Gi'xTiii;i!, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., 

 VIII, 42(>. 



Scijmiuis horralix, MCi-i.Ki! and HlCNi-n, op. cil.. 93. 



Scymiiiis fihir.iuli.'t, Fahkr, l^'isclio Ishunls, 1829, 23.— NiLSSox, I'rodr, Tclith. Skand., 11(1. 



Sciimniis Giiniicri, Riciiaud.sun, Fauna Horcali — .Vniericana. ill, 313. 



Stiiinhm norwci/ianiis, ISlaixvii.i.k., Faulll^ Franjaiso, 61. 



.'<ili((iliin itorrcfi'icK)!, GUAY, Gronow, Syst. I<-lith., 8. 



Sciimiiim microplcnts, ValexcikXiXES, Noiiv. Ann. Mus., I, 1834, l.->4. pi. \\. 



Lciodan cehinatiim, Wood, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., ii, 171. 



A Somnio.<im with body rohnst, rsipidly tapci-inji hchiiid, its <>r('iitest depth id)out one- 

 fifth its h^iifitli; mouth tiausvcise, iiiodeiate, with deep groove at its aiigk^; upper jaw with 

 live rows of small lancet-shaped teeth, lower jaw with about si.K rows of broad, quailraiigular 

 teeth, divided in their centers by a perpendicular ridge and directed outward; about 

 twenty six teeth on ea(di side; s])iriicles present, small; skin with tine tubercles; fins small, 

 the first dorsal about as large as the ventrals and laigcr tiian the second dorsal and both 

 S])ineless; pectorals short; caudal short and l>luntisli 



The Nurse Shark belongs to the northern parts of the Nortii -Vtlantic and the Arctic 

 Ocean. Twenty or more Lave been taken about the lUitish Isles within the past centnry, 

 chiedy along the northern shores, though one has been seen off Suffolk, and one in 1832 was 

 found in the estuary of the Thames. lu the western Atlantic it has not been seen south of 

 ( 'aiie ('od. Three came ashore at Provincetown in lS4S-'in, one at Portland, Me., in 1S4(;, 

 and one about (Jape Ann before 1818, when Le Sueur saw and described its stufl'ed skin at 

 Marblehead. About Greenland it is frecjuent near the shores, as it is also off Iceland and 

 Norway, and the jaws are often seen in ethnographical collections, lieing used by the Eski- 

 mo to make a nidi; tiara-like headdress. Curiously enough, this sluggish sliark is a deter- 

 mined enemy of the wiiale, and bites great lumps of tlesh from its body, as Scoresby has 

 recorded in his "Arctic Regions." 



tSoiiniio.sii.'i descends to considerable depths, and, as Liitken lias shown, deiiosits its 

 numerous soft, globular eggs, devoid of protective covering, in the soft mud in the bottcmi 

 of the deep sea.— | Liitken, Vid.-Medd., LSTO-'SO, i)p. r,C,-C>l. Zoological Itecord, 1871. Day, 

 I'Mshes of (ireat Britain and Ireland, ii, 321 1. 



Somniosii.'i rostratus [iScymnus rostratus, liisso=L(vmfirgus rostratuH, Canestrinl), is a 

 form recognized by Italian naturalists from a very few individuals observed about Nice and 

 (lenoa. It li\'es a (jrande proftiiKlita (Canestrini) and attains the length of 10 decimeters. 



Family ECHINORH IN ID^-E. 



ECHINORHINUS, Blainvllle. 



Echiiiorhiniis, Bi.aixvillk, Bull. .Sid., 1816, 121; Faiuii' Franvaise, 66. — ISoN'AP.vm'E, Icon. Faun. Ital., iii, fasc. 



xiii, 1836, Ni). 138.— Mi'i.i.r.i; and Hexli;, S. B. Flag., 1841, 96.— GCntiiei!, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., viu, 



428.— .louDAX and GiLitKitT, Bull, xvi, U. S. Nat. Mus., 1883, 13. 

 Coniodus, Aoassiz, Poiss. Foss., in [t.vpo nonioiliiH spinasiis, ]d. E, iig. 13]. 



Scymnoid .sharks with t wo .^- ma 11 sjiincl ess dorsal fins, the first opposite the ventrals ; anal 

 tins lacking, jiectoral and caudal hut slightly develo])ed, the latter wiili no |iit at its base. 

 -Mont II cri^.sceiitic with a labial fold around its angle; nostrils midway between the month and 

 theend of the snout. Teeth in both jaws veryoblicpie with smooth cnttingedges, the points 

 being turned outward; two or more strong cusjis on each side of the inincipal jioint. No 

 nictitating niembiane. Spiracles small; gill openings of mo(lerat(^ width. Skin with scat- 

 tered, round, jirickly tubercles, each leaving a scar when detaelied. 



ECHINORHINUS SPINOSUS, (Gmei.in), Bi.aixvim.e. (Figure 9.) 



Sqiiahis spinosus, Gmf.lin, in Linn., Syst. Nat., 1788, i, LW). — LAClcPf:r)E, Hist. Nat. Poiss., i, 283, pi. iii, fig. 



2.— S('iiXKii>r.it, .Syst. Ichth. of Bloch, 1801, 136.— Risso, Ichth. Nice, 42. 

 Svi/mnas spimisiis, Cuvier, Kfegne Animal, 1817, ii, 131. — Kisso, Hist. Nat. Fur. Merid., Poiss., in, 130. 



