DISCUSSION OF SPECIES AND THEIR DISTRIBUTION. 65 



The uppermost detached pectoral lay reaches beyond end of scales. The longest ventral ray 

 is three-sevenths of length without the caudal. Longest anal ray ahout one-half head. 

 Kadial formula: B. 12; D. 1, 14; A. 9; V. 2, 6; P. 2, 10; Sc. G-CO-8. 



MEASTREMENTS. 

 ^lilliuu'ters. 



Length 243.00 



Height 31.13 



Thicknes.s 20.08 



Head 45.18 



Millinieters. 



Caudal 58.24 



Snout 10.35 



Eye 3.06 



Interorbital space _ . 1{;.35 



Bathypterois duhius, of Vaillant, is represented in his collections by seventy examples, 

 among which he recognizes a great amount of individual variation, and more than one 

 species may be included under this name. It resembles most closely B. longipes. 



Examines were taken off the coast of Morocco, in depths ranging from 834 to 1,590 

 meters; off the Canaries, in 1,238 meters; off the Soudan coast, in 932 to 1,232 meters; on 

 the Argiiiu Bank, iu depths of 1,113 to 1,495 meters, and at the Azores, in 1,257 to 1,442 



meters. 



BATHYPTEROIS QUADRIFILIS, Gunthkr. (Figure 75.) 



Bathypterois qumh-ifiUs, Gunthek, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., 1878, ii, p. 184.— Challenger Report, xxii, 188, 

 pi. XXXIII, tig. I>. 



The uppermost and lowermost of the pectoral rays are filiform, the former bifid for 

 more than two-thirds of its length, the latter simple. Outer ventral rays much prolonged, 

 not dilated. Dorsal inserted close to root of ventrals. Adipose fin present. 



This species differs somewhat more from the preceding than these do aiiiong themselves. 

 The greatest depth of the body is one seventh of the total length, withcmt caudal, the length 

 of the head nearly one-flfth. The liead is remarkably flat above, and the width of the inter- 

 orbital space exceeds the length of the snont. The eye is small, but larger than in the i)re- 

 ceding species, about one-thii'd of the length of the snout, and oue-flfth or one-sixth of the 

 length of the postorbital portion of the head. The dentition and branchial appaiatns do 

 not ofl'er any noteworthy ]iernliarity. 



The dorsal fin occuiiies the middle between the extremity of the upper jaw and the root 

 of the caudal fin. A narrow adipose fin is present and midway between the dorsal and cau- 

 dal. The anal fin commences immediately behind the dorsal, its origin being ecjuidistant 

 from the roots of the pectoral and caudal. Caudal fin emarginate. 



The principal distinctive feature of this species is that it possesses not only the long 

 detached upper pectoral ray, but also an ecpially long lower ray, which, however, is not 

 removed from the remainder of the fin. Tlie upper ray becomes bifid in its proximate tliiid, 

 and is accompanied by an extremely short rudimentary secoud ray; it s<;arcely reaches to 

 the caudal fiu and is shorter than the lowermost ray, which may reach to the end of the 

 caudal, and is split only at its very extremity. 



The structure of the ventral tins is the same as in Bathypterois lomjipcs, but the strong 

 outer rays are somewhat curved and do not reach the end of the anal. 



The scales are cycloid, as in the other species, but those behind the basal portion of the 

 pectoral fiu are deeply iiectiuated, provided with from 5 to 10 long and narrow teeth, of 

 which the middle ones are the longest. (Giinther.) 



Color blackish or black; iiectoral filaments whitish. 



Radial formula: B. 12; D. 14; A. 9; P. 2-9; V. 9; L, lat. 59. L. transv. 6 | 8. 



The types of this specimen were obtained by the Challernjff off the coast of Brazil; two 

 specimens, one from station 126, at a depth of 770 fathoms, one from station 121, at a dei)th 

 of 500 fathoms. 



The Blake obtained one specimen at station xcviu, off St. Vincent, at a depth of 513 

 fathoms. 



Two specimens, one of them 6^ and the other 4J inches iu length, were taken by the 

 Albatross at station 2385, in 740 fathoms. Another (No. 34903, U. S. N. M.), 6 inches iu 

 length, at station 2117, in 683 fathoms. 

 19858— No. 2 5 



