84 DEEP-SEA FISHES OF THE ATLANTIC BASIN. 



under that name hy tlic Florence umseniii. We .slionld identify our specimens with the 

 8. cloniialns of Costa, but for tlie unsettled state of opinions among European ichthyologists. 

 Steiudachuer, Vinciguerra, liattaelle, and OoUett seem all disposed to recognize but one 

 species of .Yotoscopdux. We think we have distiuguished four, but possibly our series is 

 not sufficiently complet(! to justify us in positive opinions. 



NOSTOSCOPELUS MARGARITIFERUS, Goode and Bean, n. s. (Figure 98.) 



Height of body onetifth of total length (without caudal); length of head one-fourth. 

 Least height of tail one half of greatest height of body. Snout very short and compressed 

 ir+o a keel on its upper edge; its length scarcely more than one-half diameter of the eye. 

 Gill rakers, 9 or 10 above the angle, about 16 below; the longest about two-thirds the 

 diameter of eye. Bye moderate, about one-fourth length of head. Intermaxillary reaches 

 almost to angle of preoperculum. Space between eye and hinder edge of preoperculum 

 much less than diameter of the eye. Origin of dorsal much nearer tip of snout than 

 root of caudal. Length of dorsal base nearly one-third of total (without caudal); origin of 

 dorsal about over ninth scale of lateral line, and in same vertical with origin of ventral. 

 The ventral does not quite reach to origin of anal. Pectoral very short, its length only 

 one-third that of head. No adipose dorsal. Anal origin under eighteenth scale of lateral 

 line. The base of the fin is as long as head without snout. Caudal moderately forked. On 

 top of the caudal peduncle a long, linear mirror, nearly one-half as long as head, its width 

 about one-third of its length. Several large phosphorescent spots on inner edge of mandi- 

 ble, a large one near angle of preoperculum 



Mediolaterals, 3, in curved, subvertical line. Posterolaterals, 2, under soft dorsal. 

 Superanals 9 + 7. Precaudals 2-f 2, the last below end of lateral line. 



Eadial formnla: D. 10; A. 14. 



A specimen of this species (No. •4o775, U. S. X. M. ; Xo. 933, (lloucester Donations) was 

 taken off Banquero by the schooner Alice 31. Williams. Another specimen (No. -13771, U. 

 S. N. M. ; No. 401, Gloucester Donations) has also been obtained. 



NOTOSCOPELUS CASTANEUS, Goode and Bean, u. s. (Figure 95.) 



Depth of body 5^ in total length ; length of head, four times. Eye moderate, its diameter 

 nearly four in length of head, and more than twice in length of snout. Mouth exceedingly 

 wide, oblique, with jaws equal ; maxillary extending backwards almost to angle of preoper- 

 culum. Intermaxillary as long as maxillary, and toothed throughout its entire length. 

 Maxillary very little expanded posteriorly. Origin of dorsal fin very much nearer tip of 

 snout than root of caudal, being as far from snout as from front of pearl-colored patch on 

 top of tail ; origin somewhat in advance of origin of ventral ; base is considerably longer than 

 head; the longest ray equals length of postorbital part of head. Caudal deeply forked. 

 Pectoral small, and does not reach nearly to ventral; its length not much uuu-e than one- 

 third that of head. Ventral insertion under fourth ray of dorsal; its length about one-half 

 that of head. Anal base nearly equal to head without snout. 



Mediolaterals, 3, in curved subvertical line; posterolaterals, 3, horizontally side oy side. 

 Precaudals 2+1, last below the end of the lateral line. Last posterolateral under soft 

 dorsal. Number of superanals, 9+4. Radial formula : D. 20-21; A. 16; L. lat., about 46. 



This species is described from a specimen (No. 31706, U. S. N. M.), 5J inches long, taken 

 by the Fish Hawk from station 1,113, in 39° 57' N. lat., 700 37' W. Ion.', at a depth of 192 

 fathoms. Another example (No. 21688, U. S. N. JI.; No. 189, Gloucester Donations), six 

 inches in length, was obtained on the fishing banks by the schooner William Thompson. 



NOTOSCOPELUS CAUDISPINOSUS (Johnson). (Figure 96.; 

 Scopehii caudispinosus, Johnson, Proc. Zool. Soc, 1863, 42.— Gijnther, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mns., v, 1864, 416. 



Ileight of body contained 5i in total length ; length of head, 3|. Eye moderate. Snout 

 obtusely conical, with jaws equal in front. Cleft of mouth rather oblique. Origin of dorsal 



