DISCUSSION OF SPECIES AND THEIR DISTRIBUTION. 89 



This species, first described by Coeco from tlie Mediterranean, is abundant about Sicily, 

 but has never betore been found in the Atlantic. The descriptions of Coeco and Bonaparte 

 were too general for use in comparison, also that of GiintUer, beins" founded upon a small 

 number of very minute specimens, espe<'ially as it has few rays in the anal and the jjropor- 

 tions of the bead and eye peculiar to very yonnj;- specimens. 



It is with peculiar pleasure that we add to the fauna of America a species identified 

 witb tbe name of Rafines(pie, who was tiie first to call attention to tbe genus to wliich it 

 belongs. The three specimens (No. 33550, U. S. N. M.) described by us, the largest of 

 which is 77 millimeters long, with imperfect tail, were taken by the steamer Albatross in 

 37° 12' 20" N". lat., 6!)^ 3!)' W. Ion. These have been studied in connection with ample 

 material from Messina (No. 40058, U. S. N. M.), received from tbe Florence Museum. 



DIAPHUS, Eigenmann. 



Diaphus EiGENMAN>f and Eigenmanx, Proc. Cat. Acad. Sci., 2d ser., in, 1890, 3. 



Myctophids, similar in form and ^proportions to the typical genus of the family, though 

 stouter, with a very mucli wider and less oblique mouth, pectoral placed lower, and with 

 opercular apparatus much more obliquely articulated. Dorsal and anal similar, not touch- 

 ing the same vertical. The glandular photophore in trout of each eye below the nostril, and 

 the pearl like jjliotophores upon the sides divided into halves by a sei)tum of black pig- 

 ment. No caudal photophores. Postlaterals, 2, in obliquely ascending row. 



The tyi>e of this genus is Diaphus ihcfa, Eigenmann and Eigenmann, hxt. eU., from mod- 

 erate deptlis off Point Loma, near San Diego, Cal. (Figure 93.) 



Scopelus engraulis, Giinther (Challenger Eeport, xxii, 197, pi. li, fig. c), from 25(t 

 fathoms ofi'the Philippines, is referred to the same group by Eigenmann. 



TARLETONBEANIA, Eigenmann. 

 Tarlelnnheanui, Eigenman.x and Eighnmann, I'roc. Cal. Acad. Sci. (2d ser.) iii, 7, (ISOO). 



Myctophid fishes, having dorsal and anal fins considerably overlapping, the base of 

 the anal much longer than that of the dorsal. Lateral line obsolescent. Head long, with 

 oblique opercular limb. Pectoral very high. No luminons glands. Photophores much as 

 in typical genus, but none to be detected upon the head. One precaudal photophore. 



The type of this genu.s, T. tenua, Eigenmann, loc. cit. from near the Corouado Islands 

 (Fig. 105), and M. ereitulare, of Jordan anil Gilbert, are both Pacific forms. 



RHINOSCOPELUS, Lutken. 



Alysia, Lowe, I'roc. Zool. Sue. Loadoii, 1S3!), .S7; 'Irau.s. Zoiil. Soc. London, iii, U. 

 BMnoseopeliis, LCitken, Vid. Selsk. Natnrv. Copenhagen, vii, 1X92, 237. 



Body oblong, slender, compressed, with slender and elongate caudal peduncle cov- 

 ered with smooth, stiff scales, those in the lateral line nuuh longer than the others. Bead 

 compressed; cleft of mouth very wide; the jaws about eiiual. The premaxillary long and 

 slender; maxillary well developed, reaching nearly or (|uite to the angle of the preoper- 

 culum, without considerable posterior dilation. Teeth in villif<n-m bands in the jaws, on 

 the palatines, pterygoids, and tongue. Eye moderate, its diameter less than one-third of 

 the length of the head. Gill rakers very long and slender. Dorsal fin premedian; pectoral 

 large; adipose dorsal small. Anal fin longer than dorsal. Pectoral narrow, elongate. 



Precaudals, 2. Superanals about 18, in two groups, the break being over the middle 

 of the long anal fin and at the end of the first third of the series, approximately. Antero- 

 laterals, 1 or 2; mediolaterals, 2 or 3; posterolaterals, 1. 



Myiiophum coritscans of Kichardsou, from South Atlantic and Australian oceans, is 

 supposed to belong to this genus. 



