DISCUSSION OF SPECIES AND THEIR DISTRimilON. 99 



physis of tlie lower jaw. On the palatines and possihly npon the ptcrysoids a few small, 

 sharp, pointed teeth. Gill openins;- very wide; the gill rakers long and tliin. Preoiierenlum 

 rounded. Twelve short brauchiostegals; at the base of each of the 8 anterior ones a lunn- 

 nous dot. ISTo psendobranehi;^. Gill laminse large. Probably the lower pharyngeal bones 

 covered with teeth similar to those in the jaws, but in .several rows. Tlie dorsal has its 

 origin nearly midway between the ventral and the anal, and is composed of 13 or lirays. 

 Adijiose fin thread-like. Ventral in front of the middle of the body (not behii d, as .stated 

 by Kner) with 7 rays, reaching to the vent. Anal with from 17 to li) rays, beginning under 

 the last 3 or 4 rays of the dorsal, and the fin similar in height to tlie dorsal. The cau- 

 dal is equal in length to that of the head from snout to preopercnlum, and is strongly 

 forked. Pectoral small, pointed, and nearly as long as the caudal. The thin, caducous 

 scales with which the body is covered exhibit no radiating lines, sim])ly delicate, concen- 

 tric rings. On either side two longitudinal rows of inconspicuous phosphorescent siwts, 

 surrounded with black pigment ; the lower row near the line of the belly begins near the 

 throat and ends at the origin of the anal. In the .space from the pectoral to the ventral are 

 16 .spots; between the ventral and the anal 11; the upper row couunences with 2 large 

 spots upon the suboperculum, and continues back to the caudal. Color, dark gray ; the back 

 and belly silvery; all the fins whitish, uniform <'olor. 



Eadial formula : D. 13-14; A. 17-19; V. 7. 



This form, described in 1S70 by Kner from a single badly damaged .specimen taken in 

 the Atlantic, is evidently a true Gonosfoma. It closely resembles in many respects Mauro- 

 licus Potrerue and MauroKcus attemiatux of authors, which seem to have little aftinity with 

 the tji^ical species of Maurolicu.s. 



We have before us a specimen taken by the Blal-e from Station coxlv, off Havana, a^t a 

 depth of 243 fathoms. Other specimens were taken by the Blale from Statiim xliii, off 

 Grenada, at a depth of 401 fathoms; from Station xliv, off Grenada, at a depth of 161 fath- 

 oms; trom Station XLV, in the old Bahanux Channel, at a depth of 500 fathoms, and from 

 Statiou XL, VI, off Be(pxia, at a depth of 4.^8 fathoms. 



CYCLOTHONE, Goode and Bean. 



Cydolhone, Goode and Beax, Bull. Mus. Comp. ZoJll., 18S3, 221 (trpe, Cydolhone hisra=Gono$ioma microdon, 



GiTNTUER). 



JVeoefoma, Vaillant, Exp. Scient. TmT.ailloiir et Talisni.aii, 1888, 86 (type, .V. halhiiphiliim). 



Body elongate, somewhat compressed, apparently devoid of scales;* lower parts with 

 inconspicuous series of luminous spots, with the latter arranged approximately as in Gono- 

 stoma, but usually much less conspicuous. Head conical, compressed; cleft of mouth very 

 wide, oblique, extending behind the eye. The lower jaw strongly projcM-ting. Maxillary 

 long and slender, sickle-shaped; somewhat dilated posteriorly, but covering only an incon- 

 siderable portion of the cheek. TTi)per jaw with a single series of needle-like teeth, some 

 of which are enlarged; lower jaw with similar teeth, and in some species with a few canines 

 in front. Teeth on vomer sometimes in patches, sometimes reduced to a single pair of 

 fangs. Palatine and pterygoid teeth present or absent. Eye moderate, not conspicuous. 

 Gill opening very wide, the membranes free from isthmus. Gill rakers numerous, long and 

 slender. Pseudobranchi;c none. Brauchiostegals. Xo air bladder. Dorsal and anal 

 moderate, opposite, the latter much the longer. Adipose fin sometimes present. 



CYCLOTHOXE MICRODOX, (GCxTnER), Goode ani> Ueax. (Figure 111.) 



Gonogtoma microdon, GCnther, Ann. and Mag. N,at. Hist., 1878, II, 188; Voy. Chall., xxii. 175.-Alcock, 



Bathybial Fishes of the Bay of Bengal. 1869, 25. 

 Cyclothone hisca, Goode and Bean, Bull. Jlus. Comp. Zcil., x. 1883, 221.-Jori.ax. Cat. Fish. X. Am., 46. 



Body elongate, its greatest height contained 7| times in its length to base of middle 



* It is possible that very thin and exceedingly caducous scales may l)e present in lifr, but they arc so 

 exceedingly loosely attached that not a single one lias been found upon hundreds of indivuhials ex.amined 

 by UB, and at all eVents they are very difierent (roni the more p.^rsi-sfent scales of Gonostoma ,k»u<latum. 



