DISCUSSION OF SPECIES AND THEIR DISTRIBUTION. 103 



about half this dimension in the ultimate rays. The pectorals and veutrals arc short and 

 feeble, the veuti-al inserted about midway between the tip of the snout and the root of the 

 caudal fin. Pectoral about midway from the tip of the snout to the origin of the anal. The 

 caudal apparently about efpial to the head in its length, but being mutilated, its form can- 

 not be accurately determined. The scales resemble those of Gonostoma, without radiating 

 lines. A single row of rather conspicuous phospliorescent spots extends from the lower 

 jaw beneath the eye, to the end of the anal on either side, these dots being heavily mar- 

 gined and with black above. There are twelve of these between the branchial ojjening 

 and the origin of the ventral, five between the ventral and the anal, sixteen in the anal 

 series, and two upon the caudal peduncle, one at the origin of the lower caudal rays, the 

 other in the vertical above it and about one-fifth of the distance from the dorsal outline. A 

 series of vertical, elongated spots, apparently phosphorescent, upon either side of the lower 

 jaw, giving it a pectinate appearance. 



Color (in alcohol) brownish gray; the head with silvery rctlectioiis. 



Eadial formula: D. 20; A. 30; L. lat. 46. 



The types of this species are two specimens, about one and two inches long resi>ect- 

 ively, obtained by the steamer Albatross from station l.'<i4:2 in 2o^ 20' .JO" X. Lat., 79^ 58' 

 W. Long., at a depth of of 217 fathoms. 



YARRELLA, Goode and Bean, n. g. 



Body elongate, compressed, covered with rather large, thin, deciduous scales; the lower 

 parts with luminous spots. Head conical, compressed; cleft of mouth very wide, oblicpie, 

 extending behind the eye. Lower jaw strongly projecting. luteruiaxillary comparatively 

 long, forming about half of margin of upper jaw. Upper jaw with a single row of teeth in 

 the maxillary, and a double row in the intermaxillary, interspersed with occasional stronger 

 teeth; those in the intermaxillary directed downward or backward, those in the maxillary 

 somewhat forward. Mandible with double row of small teeth, outer row with some larger 

 ones. A row of short, weak teeth on the palatines; head of vomer with a short fang on 

 either side. Eye moderate; gill openings very wide, the memln'anes free from the isthmus. 

 Gill rakers not very numerous, rather short and stout. PsendobrauchiiB none. Branchi- 

 ostegals numerous, 14. No air bladder. Dorsal and anal well developed, the former far in 

 advance, its posterior rays over the origin of anal. No adipose fin. Caudal moderately forked. 



This genus is in several respects intermediate between Gonostoma and Photkhlhys. It 

 is named in honor of William Yarrell, F. L. 8., (1789-1856), the English ichthyologist. 



YARRELLA BLACKFORDI, Goode and Beax, n. s. (Figure 121.) 



Body elongate, its greatest depth equal to length of head without snout, and contained 

 7J times in the total (without caudal). Length of head U times in total (without caudal). 

 Eye moderate, its diameter two-thirds length of snout, and contained 7 times in length of 

 head. The maxillary extends far behind the eye, its length equal to that of the postorbital 

 part of the head. Length of intermaxillary nearly two-fifths length ol' head. Teeth as 

 described under genus. Gill rakers (> above and 13 below the angle of the first arch, the 

 longest about as long as the eye. Brauchiostegals, 14. Dorsal origin a little nearer root 

 of caudal than tip of snout, its origin nearly over the middle of the space between the ven- 

 tral and the anal origin, and its jiosterior ray over the seventh ray of the anal; the length 

 of its base equals that of postorbital part of heatl: rays imperfect, the longest fragment 

 remaining equal to longest of anal, and not nuicli more than one-third length of head. 

 Distance of ventral origin from tip of snout contained 2J times in total (without caudal); 

 rays imperfect, the longest only about one-fourth of length of head. Bectoral placed low, 

 on a narrow base. Scales have evidently been present, and of considerable size, but their 

 character and number can not be ascertained. 



Eadial formula: D. 15; A. ii, 27; V. 6; P. 8. 



Color, purplish brown; 9 phosphorescent spots on the isthmus, 25 between the sjm- 

 physis of the mandible and the root of ventral, 12 between the origin of ventral and vent, 



