DISCUSSION OF SPECIES AND THEIK DISTRIBUTION. Ill) 



bones being rather larger than the others; they are airanged in single series, in the inter- 

 maxillary, mandible, on the palatine and pter'ygoid bones. Eye large. Pectoral fins well 

 developed; ventrals small, insert(>d at a great distance from the pectoriils, below or iiinncdi- 

 ately behind or in front of the dorsal tin. Dorsal flu short, ou the hind part of the body; 

 adipose fin small; anal elongate, occupying tlie end of the tail ; caudal emar gin ate. Gill 

 opening very wide, the outer branchial arch beset with short, spinedike gill rakers; pseudo- 

 biauchiaiwelldevelox)ed; brauchiostegals, 7. Air bladder none. Pyloric ajipeudages none. 



PARALEI'IS COREGOXOIDES, Risso. 



Paralepis coregonoides, Risso, Hist. Nat. Europe Meridionale, in, 1827, 472, pi. vii, fig. 15. — Cuvier and 

 A''alenciennes. Hist. Nat. I'oiss., vii, 510. — Boxai'ARTE, Icou. Faun. Ital., P«sc., fasc, xxvii, fig. — GiJN- 

 THER, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., v, 1864, 418. 



Body elongate, its height contained about 12 times in its length. Head compressed, 

 its length nearly one-fourth of the length of the body. Snout long, conical; cleft of mouth 

 moderate; maxillary rod-like, adherent to intermaxillary. Teeth in a .single row in the 

 intermaxillary, a few enlarged anteriorly; also on palatines and pterygoids. Ey<! large, its 

 diameter contained 5 times in the length of the head. Ventral fin very short, inserted 

 below the anterior part of the dorsal. Gill openings very large, fi'ee from tlie isthmus; gill 

 rakers very numerous, minute. Color, silvery; slightly bluish upon the back; blackish 

 upon the belly on account of the transparency of the black peritoneum. Along the lateral 

 line there are some blackish dots. The iris is silvery; the pupil blackish, silvery. 



Eadial formula: D. 10; A. 23; P. 13; V. 9. 



This form is rare in the Mediterranean, but has been found iu the waters of Liguria. 

 The Albatross obtaiued a specimen (Xo. STStlO, U. S. X. :M.) from station 2393, in 28° 43' N. 

 lat., 87° W 30" W. Ion., at a depth of 52-5 fathoms. 



PARALEPIS SPHYR^NOIDES, Risso. 



Paralepis sp'hyr(enoide8, Risso, Hist. Nat. Europe Meridionale, in, 1827, 473, pi. vii, fig. 16.-— Cuvier and 

 Valkncien'xes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vii, 510.— GC'.N'THER, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., v, 418. 



The length of the head is two-sevenths or one-fourth of the total, without caudal. 

 Pectoral and ventral fins very short. Dorsal inserted behind ventral origin. 



The brief diagnosis given above was derived by Giluther from a specimen 7h inches 

 long, obtained at Jladeira by J. Y. Johnson, Esq. Giinther identifies this doubtfully with 

 the Mediterranean forms described by Eisso and others. The National Museum has spec- 

 imens from Nice (No. 4U0C0). 



PARALEPIS BOREALIS, (Reinhari>t), Jordan and Oilufrt. (Figure 143.) 



Paralepis borealis, Reixhardt, Xaturv. Mathera. AfbantU., vii, 115, 125.— CexTiiEi!, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mvis., v, 



418.— Gaimakd, Voy. Scaud., Atlas, Poissons, pi. XVI, B., fig. 1. 

 Arctozenus borealis. Gill, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila., 1864, 188. 

 Sudia borealis, JdUDAX and Gilbert, Bull, xvi, U. S. Nat. Mus., 277. 



A form with snout as long as rest of head, mandible included, its upturned tip fitting 

 into an emargination of upper .jaw. Pectoral and ventral fins small, the latter inserted 

 behind the dorsal. Head, 4J; depth, 12. 



Radial formula: B. 7; D. 10. A. 32; P. 11; V. 9. 



This form was first described from Greenland, and has been obtained by the Gloucester 

 fishermen from the stomachs of fish on the baidcs, as well as from the Gulf of St. Lawrence, 

 where it was collected by Prof. Whiteaves. 



Pour specimens were obtained by the Alhatrnss from station 2070. 407 fathoms, in fi.sh 

 stomachs; four from 2C77, 488 fothoms. In all of these the teeth had disappeared, prob- 

 ably by the softening of the tissues. 



