DISCUSSION OP SPECIES AND THEIK IHSTKIBUTION. 121 



SUDIS HYAEINA, Iv'afine.scjiik. (Figure 114.) 



Siidishyaliiia, RAVHiKSQVK, hw. cit., Bonaparte, Icon. Faun. Ital., Pcsc. fasc, xxvii, lig.— (;eNTiiKU, Cat. 



Fish. Brit. Mus., v, 1861, 420.— Canestrini, Fauna d' Italia, I'csc, 127. 

 Paralepis hyuUnun, L'uviHK and Valenciennes, hi, 3(il. 



The height of the body is coutaiiied about 11 times iu the total length (without caudal), 

 that of the head 3i times. Eye very far back, the cleft of the mouth not reaching to its 

 anterior margin, which is distant 3.^ times the diameter of the eye from the tip of the snout. 

 The distance from the orbit to the margin of the operculum li times its own diameter. The 

 ventral is iu front of the dorsal fin. 



Eadial formula: D. 10; A. 2^; P.12; V. 9. 



This species has been found in the Mediterranean about Hicily, iSTaples, and the Ligurian 

 coasts. It is sufiiciently abundant to be considered a table fish. It has not yet been found 

 in the Atlantic. An allied form, S. ringens (Jordan and Gilbert), was obtained in 1880, lu 

 the Santa Barbara Channel, California. 



Family ODONTOSTOMID.^. 



Odoniostomidw, Gill, MS. 



Isospondylous fishes, characterized by oblong, compressed, naked body and head, wide 

 mouth cleft, margin of the upper jaw formed by the premaxillaries only; curved teeth upon 

 the intermaxillaries; large, curved, lanceolate, depressible teeth upon the mandible, vomer, 

 and palatine bones. Eye very large, with orbital cavity expanded downwards. Pseudo- 

 brauchise well developed. Air bladder none. Gill opening very wide. 



ODONTOSTOMUS, Cocco. 



Odontosiomns, Cocco, Lett, su Alcnn. Salmon, 1S38, 32 (type, O. hualinus, Cocco). 

 Oduntosiomiis, Gunther, Cat. Fish. Brit, ilus., v, 1864, 417. 



Body oblong, compressed, naked ; head large and thick ; snout short; cleft of the mouth 

 very wide; intermaxillary and maxillary bones very slender, the former with small, curved 

 teeth of equal size; the lower Jaw, the vomer, and the palatine bones armed with long, mov- 

 able teeth, the points of which are lance-shaped. Eye large. Pectoral and ventral fins 

 well developed ; the latter are inserted below the dorsal, at some distance behind the liase of 

 the pectoral. Dorsal fin iu the middle of the length of the body; adipose fin small; aiuil 

 long; caudal forked. Branchiostegals, 8; pseudobranchiie small. 



ODONTOSTOMUS HYALINUS, Cocco. (Figure 145.) 



Odontostomus ItyaUniis, Cocco, Lett, su Salmoui, 32, pi. 4, fig. 2. — Bonapahte. Icon. Fauii. ItaL. Pesci., 

 Fase. XXVII, 1840, tig. i.ii.— CiiviEit and Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., x.\ii, 424.— Gunther, Cat. 

 Fish. Brit. Mus., v, 1864, 417.— Challc'ngcr Report, xxii, 200, pi. i.ii, iig. A. 



Scopelus balbo, Risso, Hist. Nat. Eur. Merid., Hi, 466. 



Body elongate and much compressed posteriorily ; its height is contained 6 to C^ times 

 in its total length (without caudal) ; the length of the head U times. The wide cleft of the 

 mouth, which is oblique, extends far beyond the eye, but does not reach the angle of the 

 preoperculum. The eye is contained T) times iu the length of the head. Mandible broad, not 

 attenuated in front, projecting beyond the mouth. Teeth very large, depressible, the longest 

 exceeding iu length the diameter of the eye; the teeth are much compressed, sharp-edged 

 iu front and behind; those on the palate have their extremities bent forward. The origin ot 

 the dorsal is nearer to the extremity of the snout than to the root of the caudal ; the fin is 

 higher than long. Anal origin behind the vent, which is placed nudway between the ventral 

 and anal, and does not touch the vertical from the last dorsal ray. The anal is lower than 

 the dorsal, ending close to the base of the caudal fin. Adipose fin small. Pectoral in.serted 

 very far down, truncated, not reaching to ventral. Ventral behind the origin of the dorsal, 

 shorter than the pectoral, extending to vent. 



Radial formula: D. 12; A. 3i. 



