DISCUSSION OF SPECIES AND THEIR DISTRIBUTION. 175 



b. Eye minute, rudimentary. Dorsal and anal short (number of spiiios not known) ; vcntrals with 

 10 rays. Teeth in single bands in jaw.s Scor'Ei.oi;ADrs 



B. Teeth in single, villiform bands in each jaw; palate tootliless; scales modi'i-ate, excoiMlingly thin, de- 



ciduous. Mouth wide. Lateral canal distemliMl. Caudal euiargiuate, with basal folds. 

 Ventrals, Tt MAr,A< osaucub 



C. Teeth small, cardiform, in the upper Jaw present only in the short premaxillary ; lower jaw pro- 



jecting. 



1. Scales thin ; body short, compressed, scopeliform ; voutral rays, 7-8 P( )K< ).'mitha 



III. Scales minute, irregular; teeth irregular, palatines toothless; mouth very wide and oblique. 



Aiioplof/dstriiKr 



A. Scales reduced to minute asperities; teeth villiform in the jaws, with several somewhat larger in 



the lower jaw ANOi'Lofi aster 



B. Scales small, leaf like, pedunculated; teeth villiform, with two pairs of long, fang-like teeth above 



and three below Caulolepis 



EERYX, Cuvier. 



Bertjx, Cuvier, E&gne Animal, 1829, ii, 151 (typo, B, decadactt/lus). — Cu\aEE & Valenciennes, Ilist. Nat. 

 Poiss. Ill, 226. — C4UNTHER, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., i, 12. — Lowe, Hist. Fishes of Madeira, 18. 



Body oblong, compies.sed ; abdoiueu treneliant, not carinated. Scales ctenoid, ar- 

 ranged regnlarly. Head large, angular, with thin hones, and large, but not conspicuous, 

 muciferous cavities. Eye very large; mouth wide, obliiiue; teeth villifoiiu in jaws, and on 

 vomer and palatines. Branchiostegals,vii-x. Gill openings broail. I'rcoperculum spine- 

 less. A single dorsal fin, its anterior portion composed of a lew iuconspicuous spines. 

 Anal spines, IV; ventral rays seven or more. Caudal deeply forked, with an anterior group 

 of spinous rudimentary rays above and below. Air-bladder simple. Pyloric, cceca, 20-30. 



Of this genus four species are known in addition to the immature Beryx delj)hini 

 described by Cuvier and Valenciennes* from a specimen taken out of the stomach of a 

 dolphin in the Western Indian Ocean (lat. 22 S., long. 51 B.), which seems most closely 

 related to 7>. decudactylKS. B. Uneatus and B. ajjinis of Giinther belong to the Australian 

 fauna, and are said to occur in water of no very considerable depth. The other forms 

 range to a depth of 400 fathoms or more, but the young of one them at least occurs about 

 Madeira not far below the 100-fathom line. 



BERYX DECADACTYLUS, CuviER and Valenciennes. 



Beri/x dccadnclyhis. Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., iii, p. 222.— Lowe, Trans. Zodl. Soc. Lon- 

 don, III, 1.— Webh .and Hertiielot, Ichth. des lies Canaries, xiii. IH^G, pi. iv.— GiJNTiiEK, Cat. Fish. Brit. 

 Mus., I, 16; Challenger Report, .\xil, 3.3.— Steindaciixer, Denkschr. d. k. Akad. d. Wiss. Wien, xi.vil, 

 220. 



Beryx borealis, DCben and Koren, Kon. Svensk. Vetcnsk. Akad. Haudl., 1844, p. 33, pi. ii.— Collett, Vid. 

 Selsk. Forh., Chri.stiauia., 1884, i, pi. i.^Lilljebokg, Sverig. oeU Norg. Fisk., 76. 



Body oblong, considerably compressed, its height greatest at the origin of the dor- 

 sal; contained 2i times in its length, and equal to the length of the head. Tlie upper 

 maxillary bone reaches almost to the middle of the orbit. The eye is very large, its diam- 

 eter about 2J times in the distance from the tip of the snout to the e.xtremity of the 

 operculum, its upper limb impinging upon the upper profile of the head. The distance of 

 the insertion of the pectoral from the snout is equal to the length of the base of the anal. 

 The insertion of the anal is approximately in the vertical from the tenth to the twelfth 

 dorsal ray, and its middle is slightly behind the ultimate ray of the dorsal. The ventral is 

 inserted under the axil of the pectoral. The scales arc sharply ctenoid, with a strong middle 

 keel; the number in the lateral line is G4 to 65, and there are said to be from M to .35 in 

 the transverse row, althougli the published figures indicate about IS below the lateral line, 

 and perhaps half tlie number above. 



Radial formula: D. IV, 10-10; A. IV, 28-29; V. 1-10; P. 14 (?). 



This species was fii'st described by Cu\ier fi-om a dried specimen in the IMuseum at 

 Lisbon, which at the time was supposed to have come from INIadeira, but whicli is more likely 

 to have been from the coast of Portugal, since Capello finds it not infrequent in the markets 



*Hi8t. Nat. Poiss. ix, 454; Efegne Animal, ill, pi. XIV, Fig. 3. 



