220 DEEP-SEA FISHES OF THE ATLANTIC BASIN. 



month narrow. Teeth small, in a single series in the jaws ; teeth on the vomer and palatines. 

 The lirst dorsal coiitiinious, with 10 or 11 spines; second dors.il and anal long, similar to 

 each other, with no detached lialets; no separate anal spines; eandai tin not deeply forked; 

 ventrals long and broad, attached to the belly by a membrane, depressible in a deep fissure 

 in the abdomen. Pseiidobranchia' large. Air-bladder present. Pyloric cfeca very numer- 

 ous. Vertebra', 1(!+L'5. Braiichiostegals, 6. 



This form was for thirty years considered to be most closely related to the Gobies. Its 

 relation to the Scombroids was first pointed out by Cuvier in 1817. 



NOXIEUSGEONOVII, (Gmelin), Gunther. (Figure 227.) 



GoUus Gronovii, Gvelin, Linu., Syst. Nat., 1788, 1205. 

 Xomeiis Gronovii, (Junther, Cat. Fisli. Brit. Mus. ii, 387. 

 Nomcus Mauritii, Cuv. and Val., ix, 243. — Guniher, ii, 387. 



Maxillary reaching to below the front of the eye; ventrals reaching front of anal, pec- 

 torals still further. Color, black, the upper parts blue. Sides silvery white or milky white, 

 witli about five black blotches, the first two, or more, of which are baiul like. Ilach caudal 

 lobe with a black blotch at the base. Younger examples have the blotches fewer and 

 less defined. Ventrals with a broad black margin and with black along their inner edge, 

 the rest white. A black blotch on the anal base near the origin of the fin. Pectoral base 

 with a black blotch. Iris silvery white. 



Radial formula: D. x-i, 26; A. Ill, 26. 



Nomeun Gronovii is one of the most widely distributed and abundant of all pelagic 

 fl.shes, occurring as it does in the Tropical Atlantic and in the Indian Ocean. It has 

 been found as far north as the Bermudas (Goode). It abounds in the Sargasso Sea and 

 under Phj/salia. Ten individuals were taken in a dip-net, from the deck of the Albatross, 

 oft" the Florida coast, all swimming under one Portuguese man of war. 



Tlie large fan-shaped ventrals are used as support in resting on the bottom, and in 

 swimming they are generally closed in their groove unless the fish is moving leisurely, 

 when they may be partly expanded. 



BATHYSERIOLA, Aleock. 

 Bathyseriola, Al.coCK, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., 1890, ll, 202. 



Body oblong and compressed, covered with small, deciduous, cycloid scales. Lateral 

 line apparently unarmed. First dorsal fin continuous, with rather feeble spines; the 

 second and the anal much more developed, and without finlets. Anal spines approximated 

 to and continuous with the rest of the fin. Ventral with a continuous membranous attach- 

 ment to the abdomen. Cleft of mouth narrow ; villiform teeth in the jaws only. Pi'eoijer- 

 cular border entire. Seven branchiostegals. Pseudobranchi;ie. Pyloric appendages numer- 

 ous. No air bladder. Vertebra^, 10+14. (Aleock.) 



The genus is represented by a single species, B.cyanea, Aleock, taken by tlie Investiga- 

 tor oSi the Madras coast, at station 90, in 98-102 lathoms. 



PSENES, Cuvier and Valenciennes. 



Psenes, Cuvier and Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., ix, 259.— Gunther, Cat. Fisb. Brit. Mus., ii, 259.— 

 Gii-l, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1862, 127; Trans. Am. Phil. Soc, 1886, 672.— Lltken, Spolia Atlau- 

 tica, 105 (513). 



Cubiceps, Lowe, Proc. Zo51. Soc. London, 1813, 82.— GiNTiiER, h>c oiV.— Gill, loc Ci<.— Lvtken, loc til. 



Atimoatoma, .Smith, 111. ZoJll. S. Africa, Fishes, pi. xxiv. 



Navarchus. De Filipi-i and Veranv, Mem. Accad. Sci. Turin, 2d ser., xviil, 7. 



TrachelocirrM, Doumet, Eev. et Mag. Zoiilogie, 1-63, jd. xv. 



Body somewhat compressed, clothed with cycloid scales of moderate size. Mouth- 

 cleft narrow, with sbort, swoUen snout. First dorsal with G to 10 spiues, second dorsal and 

 anal much longer, similar, without finlets, 1 to 3 anal spiues joined to soft part of fin. Pecto- 



