DISCUSSION OF SPECIES AND THEIR DISTRIBUTION. 245 



B. Dorsal xiii, 6-9; anal in. 6-9; vertelirii' 12-|-15. 



1. Cranial ridges more or less developeil. Ilcail more or less scaly. 

 a. Palatine teeth present. 



Soales small (!)0-100 in lateral line). lA)\ver jaw much projecting. Cranial ridges low. 



A":il III, 9 [Seba'stodk.-c] 



Scales moderate (45-80.) Anal iii, .5-9 [Seba.stichthys] 



C. Dorsal spines xv SKiiA.STOMi s ? id SEnASTO.soMU.s 



1. Anal 111,7-8; vertebne 12+19. Head scaly aljovo, with one or two pairs of s >ine-tipped ridges. 

 a. Pectorals long, narrow. Ventrals post-thoracic. Scales ctenoid. Nolacuiic Sebastes 



2. Anal in, 5. Vertebra; unknown. 



a. Pectorals with lower rays prolonged in a linguiform lobe. 

 Ventrals under axils of pectorals, witli outer rays produced, thick, uubranched..SEBA.STOLOBUS 

 II. Dorsal deeply notched, in two parts. 

 A. Dorsal spines, x-j-l. Anal iii, 5-6. 



1. Pectoral with medial rays branched. Low. inconspicuous .spines on the vortex Setarches 



2. Pectoral simjde. Head smooth, unarmed above [LioscORPius] 



SCORP^^NA, LiniiEeus. 



5cori)(FHfl, Artedi, Genera, 17, xx,47.— LiNN-EUS, Systoma Natura;, ed. X, 1758, 266,(type, A'corpcrnajjorcw*).— 

 GuNTHER, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., Ii, 107.— Jordan and Gilbert, Bull, xvi, U. S. N. M., 678,679. 



Scorpsenids liaviiig the body oblong, somewhat compres.sed. Head large, not much 

 compressed, naked above and armed with several series of spinous i-idges, and with dei-mal 

 flaps. A quadrate pit at the occiput, mouth large, with bauds of villiform teeth on jaws, 

 vomer, and palatines. Scales mostly cteuoid^ of moderate size, often with skinny flaps, 

 cheeks naked, opercles sometimes without scales. Dorsal fln with lli stout spines; anal 

 with 3 spines, the second commonly the longest; pectorals large, rounded, the base procur- 

 rent; the upper rays divided, the lower simple in all our species; ventrals inserted behind 

 pectorals. No air bladder. Yertebr;e lO-f-l-i. 



This genus, which is widely distributed throughout the East Indian seas, is rejiresented 

 in the shore faunas of the Atlantic basin by two European and two tropical American 

 forms. S. Plumieri, Schneider, occurs throughout the West Indies and north to the Ber- 

 mudas, and is always a shoal-water form. S. hrasiliensis, G, & V., a smaller scaled form 

 with shorter body, is a shore form from the coast of Brazil. The European forms both 

 occur iu the Mediterranean. The Italians have noted them from Genoa, Naples, and Sicily 

 and around to the head of the Adriatic, the French from Nice, Cette, and Marseilles, and 

 the Portuguese from Lisbon. Both have been observed in the Gulf of Gascony, at Biarritz 

 and La Eochelle. 8. scrofa has not been seen on the coasts of ^'endee or farther north, 

 but is abundant at Madeira, where there is also a local species, <S'. nstulata, to which it is 

 closely allied. »S'. porous follows the French coast as far north as Dieppe. Cuvier was 

 entirely in error iu supposing that it occurs in the western Atlantic, but ajipears to have 

 had specimens from Tenerifle. Lowe's remarks about Scorpa'iia scrofa and its habits at 

 Bladeira are very important. He notices the tendency of this form to become modified for 

 residence in deeper regions. 



SCORP^NA SCROFA OBESA, Lowe. 



Scorpren a scrofa, Ai'CTORtjm, (in part). 



Scorjywna scrofa, var. .S. obesa, Lowe, Fishes of Madeira, 1893, 105. 



A Scorpaita with oblong body, whose height is 3^-4 times in its length, covered with 

 scales of moderate .size, there being 40-40 iu tlie lateral line; the posterior ones are ciliated. 

 Head longer than high, its length about one-third of total, scaleless and smooth. Iiiteror- 

 bital space deeply concave. Occipital pit broader tluin long. Cirri upon head and trunk, 

 larger along lateral line Third dorsal spine nearly half as long as the head. Second anal 

 siiine more than one-third as long as head. 



Color yellowish red, the fins marbled witli brown, a blackish blotch upon the body 

 under the space between the sixth and tcuith .spines. 



Radial formula: D. xi, i-t-9-l(»; A. lu, '>; P. i. S-10: V. i, 5. 



