DISCUSSION OF SPECIES AND THEIR DISTRIBUTION. 255 



The anal is inserted under tUe axil of the pectoral, its siu.-lo spine slender and lonp-r 

 than the fourth of the dorsal, its longest rays exceeding- those of the second dorsal, and 

 when extended back\7ards passing far beyond the vent and almost tf> the anal. 



The lateral line is almost straight, and (as shown in the tigurc) has 3(i to ;?.S tabes. 

 This corresponds closely to Sauvage's account; he records 12 scales above and 2!) below the 

 lateral line. 



Scales broad, with three or four rows of strong spines upon their posterior limb. Color, 

 body reddish-yellow with numerous black blotches on each side of the lateral line; black- 

 ish on the back and on the head. Dorsal and caudal spotted with black, other tins light. 



Radial formula: D. xii, 10; A. iii, 5. 



This species, described by Vaillaut fnun the Canaries, was obtained off those islands 

 by Webb and Berthelot, who record that it lives at a de])th of 2.j0 fathoms, in comiiany 

 with Sebastes iiiq)crialis. It is called by the Canary fishermeu limcasio de fiiera, while its 

 companion is the Eiihio Colorado. This species is closely related to 1'. KiMil. 



PONTINUS CANARIENSIS, (Sauva(;e), Goode aud Bean. 

 Sebastes {Sebastichthijs) canariensis, Sauvage, Nouvelles Archivi'S ilii .Musomn, Paris, i, 1S7S, 117, \\\. i, figs. 1, 2. 



A Pontinm, with its greatest height more than 2^^ times in its total length (without 

 caudal); tlie length of the head about 2.^. Eye moderate, its diameter about equal to the 

 length of the snout and contained '-Vf^ times in the lengtn of the head. Its upper limb 

 encroaches strongly upon the upper profile, which is much d(A])ress('d in front and behind it. 

 Interorbital space quite broad, with 2 low crests. Occipital region depressed, provided on 

 each side with 3 strong crests, the two posterior ones connected by an inconspicuous crest. 

 Two strong spines on the snout; two spines on the anterior suborbital. Preoperculum with 

 4 spines (in the ligure 3, of which only the two upper ones are conspicuous). A very 

 strong spine in the axil of the pectoral. The extremity of the maxillary extending almost 

 to the vertical from the posterior margin of the orbit. A suborbital horizontal crest, with 

 2 feeble spines at its posterior end. The maxillary, the lower part of the preoperculum, 

 and the under part of the mandible scaleless. The first anal spine short, stout, its length 

 about half tliat of the second anal spine, whi(:h is nearly as long as the soft rays of the fin. 



Dorsal with 12 spines, of which the third aud fourth are the long(?st, the fourth slightly 

 exceeding the third; the fifth, sixth, and seventh nearly equal; the eighth and the eleventh 

 somewhat shorter ; the second and the ninth shorter still; the tenth still less, but exceeding 

 the twelfth, which in its turn is longer than the first. The length of the base of the spinous 

 dorsal about equal to the length of the head. The soft dorsal with !) rays (10 shown in the 

 fignre), rounded, highest at its middle, the longest ray being abontequal to the third spine. 

 Original of anal under the second or third dorsal ray, and the extremity of its base oppo- 

 site that of the soft dorsal. Pectoral and ventral fins nearly equal in length, and whea 

 extended their tips reach to the origin of the anal. The 10 lower rays of the pectoral 

 simple, and with tips only free. 



Scales broad in proportion to their length, with 3 rows of spines upon their upper 

 margin, the outermost the largest. Anterior limb straight. The figure shows 22 to 23 

 tubes in the lateral line. Sanvage's account of 57 scales in the longitudinal row signifies 

 little. He registers 1.") above and 29 below. 



Color red, with some brown blotches along the back. 



Radial formula : D. xii, 0-10; A. in, 5. 



The type of this species was brought from the Canaries by Webb and Berthelot, and 

 was IS centimeters in length. It is to all appearances a deep-sea form, aud very closely 

 related to P. Kathbuni, which follows. 



PONTINUS RATHBUNI, Goode aud Be.\n, n. 8. (Figure 245.) 



The greatest depth of the body (Ki millimeters) is contained about 2.} tinu'S in the 

 standard length. The least height of the tail (13 millimeters) e(iuals the length of the eye. 

 The length of the head (52 millimeters) is nearly twice the length of the mandible (27 mil- 



