DISCUSSION OF SPECIES AND THEIR DISTRIP.UTlu.X. 259 



one-half tlie distance from the tip of the snout to the spinous dorsal. The mandible 

 extends slightly farther back than the maxilla, its length (20 millimeters) about one- 

 half the length of the head. Teeth in the jaws in villiform bands. At the symphysis of 

 the intermaxillaries there is a sliglit intersiiace separating the two enlarged club-shaped 

 ends of the bone. The vomerine patch in a very narritw triangular band ; the palatine bands 

 also are very narrow; pseudobranchiie well developed; 13 developed gill-rakers on the 

 anterior arch, of which 9 are below the angle besides the rudiments. A pair of spines 

 between the anterior nostrils; a pair of spines on the front ol the preorhital; three forming 

 a ridge across the cheek; 4 on the preoperculum, of which the one at the middle of the 

 border is the largest ; 3 on the operculum ; a pair of spines above the front of the orbit; j 

 small supi'aorbitals, 2 nuchal, 1 postorbital, and 3 at the origin of the lateral line; 

 no filaments about the head. Cheeks and opercles scaly. Scales on the nape and on the 

 top of the snout. The sides of the snout are naked, and there are no scales on the integu- 

 ment covering the maxilla. The ridges of the spines of the head and of the scales are 

 exactly the same as in P.Kuhlii and the gill-rakers have the same structure. The anterior 

 nostrils are tubular, distant from the eye about one-third the eye's diameter, and its dis- 

 tance from its fellow of the opposite side (7 millimeters) is nearly one-half the length of the 

 eye. The spinous dorsal originates a little in front of the base of the pectoral; its dis- 

 tance from the tip of the snout is twice the length of the maxilla. The length of the first 

 spine (9 millimeters) is one-half that of the fourth spine; the length of the second spine 

 (13 millimeters) is scarcely more than one-half the length of the third spine (25 millimeters). 

 The fourth spine is considerably shorter than the third, and the spines gradually decrease 

 in length, so that the eleventh is a little shorter than the second. The length of the twelfth 

 spine (10 millimeters) is about equal to the length of the snout. The length of the longest 

 ray of the second dorsal (19 millimeters) is nearly one-half of the base of the spinous dor- 

 sal. The caudal is very slightly emarginate; the length of the middle rays (31 millimeters) 

 is about one-fourth of the standard length. The anal origin is under the first ray of the 

 soft dorsal; the length of the base of the fin (10 millinu'ters) is nearly one-third of the 

 length of the head. The length of the first spine (8 millimeters) is nearly one-third that of 

 the second spine (20 millimeters). The length of the third spine (20 millimeters) is 2i times 

 that of the first. The length of the longest ray (23 millimeters) is li times that of the last 

 ray (15 millimeters). The pectoral origin is under the interspacebetweeu the second and 

 third dorsal spines; the fin reaches, when extended, almost to the end of the spinous dorsal 

 or to the thirteenth pore of the lateral line. The ventral is under the pectoral; the length 

 of its spine (22 millimeters) nearly ecjual to the length of the maxilla. The fin reaches 

 about to the vent when extended; the length of the longest ray (37 nullimeters) is a 

 little more than one-half the length of the head. The vent is under the ninth spine of 

 the dorsal; its distance from the origin of the anal (9 millimeters) is equal to one-third of 

 its distance from the origin of the ventral. 



D. XII, 10; A. Ill, 5; P. 10; V. I, 5. 



Scales 7 I 49 I 13. 25 pores in lateral line. 



Color of the alcoholic specimen, light orange. Caudal with a few small, dusky blotches ; 

 the other fins iiale. 



This description is based upon an example measuring 136 millimeters to the base of the 

 caudal. It was taken along with two smaller individuals at station 3403 by the .steamer 

 Albatross, N. lat. 28° 30', W. Ion. 85° 33' 30", in 111 fathoms; another small example was 

 taken by the Albatross at station 2401, in N. hit. 28° 38' 30", W. Ion. 85° b'l' 30", 143 

 fathoms. 



SEBASTES, Cuvier. 



Sebastes, Cuvier, Ri^gue Animal, 1829, ii, KiG.— Cuvier & Valexciesnes, Hist. Nat. Poiss.. iv, 326.— Gi'.x- 

 THER.Cat. Fish. Brit. Mils., 11, ft-. (part).-GlLL,Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Pliila., 1863, 207.-J.)Kr.AX and 

 Gilbert, Bull, xvi, U. S. Nat. Miis., 6.51. 

 Scorpifnids with head and body compressed; head scaly above and on sides, with one 



or two pairs of spine-tipped cranial ridges. Mouth broad, oblique, the maxillary reaching 



