260 DEEP-SEA FISHES OF THE ATLANTIC BASIN. 



below the eye, broad, short, and extended at its tip; lower jaw projecting, with the knob 

 at its symphysis dwindling into a notch in the npper jaw. Villiform teeth on jaws, vomer, 

 and palatines. Eye very large, and close to the npper profile. Preopercle strongly armed 

 with 5 divergent spines ; operele with 2 spines. Snpracapnlar spines prominent. 



Scales small, ctenoid, irregnlar. No lacinia' upon head or body. 



Fins perciforiii. Dorsal moderately notched, with 15 spines and an equal number of 

 rays, more closely planted than the si)iues. Anal with 3 spines and 7 or 8 rays. Pectorals 

 long and narrow. Caudal emarginate. Erauchiostegals, 7. Vertebra, 12+19. 



Tlie type of this genus is Ferca marina of Linni^us, but the generic name was rather 

 whimsically derived from the common name borne in the Balearic Islands by a fish of 

 another genus, the iScorjncna dactyloptera of De la Eoche, already discussed. 



SEBASTES MARINUS, (Linn^us), Whitk. (Figure 248.) 



Perca marina, Linn.eus, Syst. Nat., ed. x, 1758,483; ed. xii, 290.— Pennant, Brit. ZooL.ed. 1, ni, 258, pi. 

 XLViii; ed.2, in, 349, pi. lix. 



Schaates marimis, White, Catalogue of British Fishes, 8. 



Cypriiiiis pclar/icus, LiNN.EUS, Fauiia Suecica, I,'l764, 320. 



I'erca norwc<jica, MuLLER, Zoologiie Dauitie, 1779, 46. — Fabricius, Fauna Grjpnlandica, 167. 



Sebastes nonrgicits, Cuvier and Valenciennes, iv, 1829, 327, pi. lxxxvii. — Yarrell, Brit. Fish., ed. 1, 73, out; 

 ed. 2, 1, 87; ed. 3, ii, 72.— Jenvns, Brit. Vert., 347.— Richard.son, Fauu. Bor.-Amer., Fi.sh.,.52. — Stoker, 

 Rep. Fish. Mass., 26; Hist. Fish. Mass., 1867, 38, pi. Mi, flg. 1.— DeKay, ZckU. N. Y., Fish., 60, pi. iv, fig. 

 2.— Kroyer, Damn. Fiske, 270. — Thompson, Nat. Hist. Ireland, iv, 82. — Gunther, Cat. Fish. Brit. 

 Mus., II, 95 ; Challenger Report, xxii, 17. — Malmgren, Ofvers. Sven.Vet. Akad. Fiirh., 1865, 508. — Collett, 

 Norges Fiske, 19.— Lutken, Vid. Medd., 1876, 358.— Goode and Bean, Bull. Esses Inst., xi, 14.— Day, 

 Fish. Great Britain and Ireland, I, 42, pi. xviii. — Jordan and Gilbert, Bull, xvi, U. S. Nat. Mus., 651. 



Soloceittrus norvegicus, LAc£pi;i)E, Hist. Nat. Poiss., iv, 319. 



Scorjyana iioreefiica, Richardson, op. cit., 52. — Jenyns, op. c//., 347. — John.son, Berwickshire Nat. Club, 

 I, 1838, 170. 



Serranns norvegicus, Fleming, British Animals, 212. — Johnson, Mag. Nat. Hist., vi, 1833, 15. 



Sebastes septenlrionaHs, Gaimard, Voy. Islande et Groi-nland, Poissous, pi. ix. 



A Sebastes with compressed body, elevated dorsal outline and straightish ventral outline. 



Top of head scaly; interorbital space concave, with two low ridges; cranial ridges 

 moderate, rather low and sharp; preocular, supraocular, postocular, tympanic and occipital 

 ridges present, the latter with divergent tii)s; suprascapulary spines sharp and prominent, 

 opercular spines long and sharp, subopercular spine prominent; preopercular spiues slender 

 and sharp, the second longest. Suborbital stay not reaching preopercle; preorbital narrow, 

 with two spines. 



Eye very large, more than twice as long as interorbital space, and one-third as long as 

 head. Mouth large, oblique, with broad maxillary, which reaches middle of eye; tip of 

 lower jaw much projecting, with a conspicuous knob at symphysis; mandible and maxillary 

 scaly. 



PseHdobranchia3 very large; gill-rakers long, stiff, and strong. 



Dorsal fin deeply emarginate, with sharp spines, the longest about equal to diameter of 

 eye; soft rays higher than the .spines. Caudal narrow, moderately forked. Anal spines 

 moderate, graduated, the second a little shorter than eye. Pectoral with narrow base and 

 rather long, reaching vertical from vent. Ventral reaching to vent. Scales small, irregular, 

 not strongly ctenoid; about 40 tubes in the lateral line, and about 85 scales in longitudinal 

 series. 



Color: red, nearly uniform, sometimes a dusky opercular blotch, and about five vague 

 dusky bars on the biick. Peritoneum brownish. 



Radial formula: D. xv, 1.'5; A. iii, 7. 



This well known form is abundant between the hundred fathoms line off the south 

 coast of New England, and has l)een found as low as 180 fathoms. It breeds abundantly in 

 late summer at these dcptlis, and tliere is no reason to believe that the young rise to the 

 surface. The fry were caught by the bushel in the trawl net, and were eaten on the Fish 

 Raich, cooked after the manner of " whitebait." 



