DISCUSSION OF gPECIES AND THEIR DISTRIBUTION. 293 



termaxillary alone, bears along- its margin a series of small teeth, and inside of tlicse is a 

 series whieli is directed inward toward tlie moutli, wliose palate on both sides is fnrnished 

 with numerous thin and feeble teeth, directed inward toward the mouth and arranged in 

 a cardiform band; the vomer, on the contrary, is toothless. The teeth of the mandible are 

 variable in size, some long, some short. The eye is of medium size, its diameter less than 

 its distance from the i)oint of the snout. Many of the scales of the head— forehead and imch:d 

 regions— and the upjier ridge of the shoulder girdle show welldeveh)ped sculpturings. The 

 mucous pores of the head (pits and branches of the lateral line) are especially de\eloped 

 on the forehead and temporal regions, behind the. eyes, along the preoi)erculum, etc. On 

 many parts of the skin are seen sharply detined lines; series of closely jjlaced pores — for 

 example, a series begins on the isthmus, close behind the angle formed by the gi]l(>]iening, 

 and runs along the median line of the body until al)out the ventral tins, then begins again 

 a little behind these and continues to the vent, where it is divided into two luanchcs, the 

 first curved up on the side and so backward, running along parallel to, l>ut at some distance 

 from the anal fin on each side for its whole length ; tinally tlteic is a little ]>osteri(ir broader 

 portion in the middle line in front of the cau(hd fin. Immediately behind the ventral fins 

 there is a short cross line of the same structure, and it is contiiuaed on each side at a right 

 angle ahmg the innermost ventral ray. The lateral line consists of only a single series of 

 rather large pores, but the pore system of the above-named S])ecies is found besides 

 along the upper and under jaws; as for the upper jaw, however, only along its posterior 

 portion; the niandibulary line of pores is divided into two parts. The ventral fins are 

 located immediately behind the pectorals, whose length is nearly o times as great. The 

 short first dorsal fin begins immediately over the ventrals; the second, long(>r dorsal fin 

 and the anal fin have an equal extent, and arc sci)arated somewhat widely from the. caudal; 

 both are very low in their posterior half. 



Eadial formula: D. 8+22 (!); A. ca. 22; V. 13; V. G. 



PONERODON, Alcock. 



Pnverodon, AlcocK, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., ISOO, il, 20:!. 



Acantho])teryglans, with l>ody elongate, naked. Eyes lateral. Two separate dorsal 

 fins, of wliich the second is much the longer, and equal, opi)osite, and similar to the anal; 

 ventrals thoracic; pectoral rays branched. Cleft of mouth extremely wide; Jaws distensi- 

 ble and armed with canine teeth, as are also the palatines. Gill-opeuings very wide, the 

 gill-membranes united anteriorly; jireoperculum with a (small) spine at its angle; 7 brauciii- 

 ostegals; pseudobranchiie. Lateral line single, uninterrupted. Abdominal cavity enor- 

 mous. No air-bladder. iSTi) pyloric ca-ca. No anal paiiilla. Vertebra! 14/24. 



This genus is represented by a single si)ecies (I'onerodon rd.stator, Alcock, oj). cit., 

 203, pi. IX, fig. 5), obtained by the Invvstujaior in 1890, at station 102, off the Madras (;oast, 

 at a depth of 090 to 920 fathoms. 



Family UR ANOSCOPID.^. 



Uranoscopkla-, Gill, Proo. Acad. Nat. Sci. Pliila., ISOl, in; Air. Fain. Fi.sli., 5 (No. It).— .Toudax and GiL- 



BEnT, linll. XVI, U. 8. Nat. Mns., 6l'9. 

 Uranoscopina, GrN'TiiKi;, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., ii, 225. 



Body oblong, widest and usually deepest at the occi])ut. Scales adherent, .small, 

 smooth, arranged iu oblique series, sometimes wanting. Lateral line near dor-sai outline, 

 feeble or obsolete. Head cuboid, partly mailed above. Eyes vertical, small and ant erica-, 

 on the top of the head. Mouth vertical, with strongand prominent mandible; lilts more or 

 less conspicu(aisly fringed; teeth moderate, on the Jaws, and usually on the vomer and 

 palatines also; premaxillaries protractile; maxillary broad, without supplemental bone, not 

 slipping under the preorbital. Gill openings large; gill-membranes free from isthmus, 

 nearly separate. IJranchiostegals 0. (iills 3.^, a snnill slit behind t he last. P.seudobranchiiB 

 present. No anal papilla. Dorsal fins 1 or 2, .spiuous part short, .soft part ehmgate; anal 



