DISCUSSION OF SPECIES AND TIIEIli DISTUIBUTION. 317 



GRAMMONUS, Gill. 



Oligopus, SAClcricDES.— Risso, lehtb. Nice, 1810, 142. 



rteriihum, GiJNTiiEii Cat. Fisli. Brit. Mus., iv, 18(52,376 (not ScopoLl'); Chullcngcr Ro.port, xxii, lO.'i.— 



Canestkini, Pesci d'ltalia, 191. — Moreau, Hist. Nat. Poiss., Franco, vii, 228 (I'aniily I'tcridida-.) 

 Granuiionus, Gill, jis. 



Head and budy compressed, covered with small scales, ouly the upper part of the 

 head aud the snout being naked. The body is moderately elongate, the tail but little 

 attenuated. Snout obtuse, not swollen, with the jaws even in front, and with the mouth 

 obliquely ascending. Uones of the liead lirm, the mnciferous canals narrow. Eye small. 

 Operculum with a short spine behind; prcoperculnm with two short projections near the 

 angle. Barbels none. Bands of villiform teeth in the jaws and an open V'''l*'iP*5d l)and 

 on the vomer; some slightly enlarged teeth along the inner series of the mandil)le and on 

 tlie vomer; i^alatine teeth none. Vertical fins confluent; venrrals close together, reduced 

 to a pair of line simple filaments, and inserted somewhat behind the isthmus, below the 

 middle of the operculum. Lateral line interrupted. Gills -l: pseudobrauchiai none. 

 Brauchiostegals 8. Pyloric appendages 2. {Oiinther.) 



GRAMMONUS ATER, (Risso), Goode and Bean. 



Oligopus ater, Risso, Ichtli. Nice, 1810, 142, i)l. xi, lis- 41. 

 OUyopiis niyer, Risso, Hist. Nat. Europe Mcridiouale, 1826, III, 338. 

 Gadopsh ater, De Filipi'I, Sioliold and Kiilliker, Zcitsch. Wiss. Zoiil., 1855, 170. 



I'teridiiim aVniHi, De Filiiti and VEKiVNY, Mem. Accad. Sci., Turin (2), .\\iii. Sopra Ak'iuii Pesci (separate 

 from last), 11, Hg. 6. — GCntiier, loc. cit. — Cane.strinm, loc. cil. — MoReau, Ioc cit., tig. 173. 



Body elongate, somewhat compressed, its height "> to 6 times in total length. Head 

 large and long, its length -1 times in that of Ixxly. 3Iouth large, obliipie, the mtixillary 

 extending beyond vertictil from posterior margin of orbit. Jaws netirly etpxal. A row of 

 sharp teeth, far apart and few in number, in the midst of others which are closely set and 

 very simill. Vomer with 2-J: large, recurved teeth, in addition to several small ones. 

 Tongue smooth. Eye round, small, its ditimeter scitrcely one-eighth the length of the 

 head. Lateral line interrupted, sometimes for a certain distance double. 



Dorsal origin in vertical from middle of pectoral, vcutrals hliform, closely ai)proximated, 

 each eompo.sed of two short rays. 



Eadial formula: D. Gi; A. 44; B. 20; V. 2. 



Color, blackish, sometimes with ;i, reddish tint. 



This form is very rare, htiviiig been recorded only from the Mediterranean ofi' Nice, 

 where it lives at considerable depths, approaching the shores in August to deposit its eggs 

 in the crevices of rocky ledges. It is not positively known to inhabit the region beyond 

 the hundred-fathom line. 



Oiinther has studied the hiteial line in a single specimen, lately acquired by the Brit- 

 ish Museum, and reports that it is rtither indistinct ;uid interrupted, and that, in his judg- 

 ment, the fact that the ends of the two portions overltip etich other has given rise to the 

 statement that the lateral line is double along a portion of the tail. 



CAT.^TYX, Gi-inther. 



Calalijx, GuNTiiER, Challenger Report, xxil, 104. 



Body compressed, elongate, covered with very small and thin scales; hitcral line in 

 distinct, interrupted. Head oblong, with somcwliat pointed snout, covere.l with very small 

 scales, only the anterior part of the snout naked; bones of the head rather lirm, but with 

 the mnciferous system well developed, the canals having wide openings along the infraorbi- 

 tal, and on the lower limb of the preopcrculum. Eye rather small. Nostrils far apart, the 

 posterior in front of the eye and the iinterior at the extremity of the snout. Opercuhim 

 with a spine behind; no other tirmature on the head. Snout not swollen, but the upperjaw 



~ ^Pteridimi of ScopoU C17777page 454^3 according to GiU, the equivalout ol Pleraclis of Gronovius. 



