DISCUSSION OF SPECIES AND THEIR DISTRIBUTION. 391 



Macrurus carinatus, Giiutlicr (loc. cit., \>]. xxxiir, Fig-. A), IVoiii in^ar rriiice Edward 

 Island, iu 310 fathoms. 



Macrnrns xteldidolrph, Gilbert (Pioc. U. S. Xat. Mas., xiii, ISOO, IIG), was taken hy the 

 Albatross ofi'thc coast of ('alifoinia in 207 fathoms. 



MACRURUS BERGLAX, LACKPf:i.E. (Figure :»1.) 



MacriiruR herglax, LACifipfeDE, Hist. Nat. Poiss. — Jorpax, C:it. Fish. N. Amor., 1887, 131. 



Macrurus Fahricii, Sundeval, Vet. Akad. Handl., 18t0, fi. — Coixett, Norges Fiske, 1875, 128— Lilljeborg, 



Sverig. og. Norges Fiske, 242.— (iooDE aud Bean, Cat. Fisli. Essex Co. and Mass. Bay, 1879, 7.— GuN- 



THER, Challenger Reiiort, xxii, 130. 

 Maa-urus riipestris, Guntheu, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., iv, 1862, .3110. 



Short snout, subtrihedral, pointed in front, much shorter than the large eye, which is 

 one-third or two-fifths the length of the head in adultspecimens. Interma.x:i]lary very short, 

 oue-half length of maxillary, and not continued beyond its expanded vertical process. The 

 eye is oblong. The whole under-surface of the head below the suborbital and nasal ridge is 

 naked. Axil of pectoral naked. Space between the ventrals scaled. Body scales each with a 

 single strong median keel, made up of a or 8 spines directed backwards. Some scales, par- 

 ticularly of the head, have ailso 2 lateral keels. There are 6 longitudinal series of .scales 

 between the first dorsal fin and the lateral line. The first dorsal siiine indistinctly denticu- 

 lated towards the point. The length of the pectoral is nearly or quite one-half tlie length 

 of the head. The longest spine of the dorsal is very finely serrated along its anterior 

 margin, the serrations becoming obsolete near its base. Vent situated behind the origin 

 of the second dorsal fin. Gill-rakers very small, tubercular; 9 to 11 on the fii'st arch. The 

 gill-membranes broadly joined, free from the isthmus behind. 



Radial formula: D. 12-4-124; A. 118; P. 18-19; V. 8. 



This form, originally discovered on the coast of I^orway, has been found abundantly as 

 far south as Georges Bank, where the halibut fishermen catch it, or som 3 closely allied 

 form, on their trawls. The first specimen seen by American naturalists was picked up 

 floating at the surface, off the moutli of New York Harbor. Tlie Albntro.s.s obtained it from 

 station 2.328, iu 41^ 47' N. lat., 65^ 37' 30" W. Ion., at a depth of 077 fatlioms. Giintlicr 

 knew it from Finmark and Greenland, as well as from New England. He calls attention to 

 remarkable individual variations in the specimens examined by him. His critical remarks 

 iu this connection are of great importance. (Challenger Report, xxit, 1.50.) 



MACRURUS SCLERORIIYNCHUS, Vai.kxcienne.s. 



Lepidoleprus sclernrhynchus, Valenciennes, iu Webb .and B.-rtliolot, Iditliyologii' d<-s lies Canaries, 183r)-ll, 



80, pi. xiv, fig. 1. 

 Macrurus sclerorhi/nchus, Valenciennes, loc. ei/.— GiiNTiiER, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., iv, 394 ; (Miallenger Report, 



XXII, 1887, 133, pi. XXXII, fig. A.— Vinciguep.ra, Ann. Mus. Genova, xiv, 1879, r>22, pi. ii.— Vaillant, 



Exp. Sei. Tr.aveilleur et Talisman, 237, pi. xxii, lig. 3. 



Snout conically pmjecting beyond the month, with sharpand smooth canthus rostralis; 

 a rough protuberance in front, and one on eacli side of the cantlius. Mouth rather small, 

 situated at the lower side of the snout; infraorbital ridge .sharp, ])romiiK'ut in its wiiole 

 length. The cleft of the mouth does not extend to below the center of the eye. Teeth in 

 villiform bands, in both jaws; those of the outer series of the upper jaw scarcely stronger 

 than the others. Barbel short and slender. Interorbital space fiat, its width being C(inal 

 to the vertical diameter of the eye. The horizontal diameter of the eye equals the lengtli 

 of the snout, and is two-sevenths of that of the head. 



Tlie scales are covered with very small spinclets, which are arranged in about nine .series, 

 the middle series being sometimes more iirominent than the otliers; only llic terminal si)ine- 

 lets of the central series projects sometimes beyond tlie margin of the .sealc. Tliere arc 

 scales in a transverse series betwi'cn the first dorsal spine and the lateral line. Second 

 dorsal spine s.miewhat i)rodueed. arnieil in front with rather closely set barbs. The dis- 

 tance between the 2 dorsal fins eipials the length of the head, the .snout not included. 

 The outer ventral ray lU'oduced into a lilament. Golor, brown. 

 Radial formula: D. 11; A. 9.3; V. 17: V. 7. {(hlnlher.) 



