DISCUSSION OF SPECIES AND THEIR DISTKIHUTION. 419 



STEINDACHNERIA, (iooi.ic A Bkan, ii. g. 

 Steindachneria, GoODi'; A Bean, in Agassiz, TUn-e C^ruises of tho Blake, ii, p. 26, 1888. 



A genus of Macntrida; with laiKo terminal mouth, compressed br.ily, and tapering tail; ii 

 short si)iii(>u.s dorsal and a long, soft dorsal fin, tlie two contiguous. Botli dorsals elevated 

 anteriorly; anal tin consisting of a ditterentiated elevated anterior portion and a v<-ry long 

 low portion. Vent in the anterior third of the length. The intermaxillary and mand'ihular 

 teeth biserial, the outer seiies much enlarged. Vomeriue teeth present. Head of moderate 

 size, its bones soft and cavernous. Eye large. Gill openings wide, the membranes con- 

 nected anteriorly, but not attached to the isthmus; gill rakeis slender, moderately luimer- 

 ous. No pseudobrauchia'. Brancliiostegals, 7. Pectorals and ventrals both immediately 

 under the spinous dorsal. Scales thin, cycloid, and deciduous. 



Similar iu appearance to Macniromis novwzelandi(v, from which it differs in several impor- 

 tant particulars: (1) Tlui tail is much more tapering iu StcinrJarhncria; (2) the vent is in 

 adva nee of the end of the anterior third of tlie body ; (3) the anal fin has a distinct elevated 

 portion; (i) vomerine teeth are present; (5) the bones of the head are soft and cavernous. 

 This remarkable genus is named in iiou(U- of Dr. Franz Steindachner, Custos of the 

 Imperial Zoological Museum of Vicuna, 



STEINDACHNERIA ARCJENTEA, (ioonK and Bean, ii. b. (Figure 351.) 



The head and body are compressed and the tail tapers to a very tine point. Greatest 

 height of the body at the origin of the ventral (30 uullimeters in the type specimen) i.s 

 contained 7J times in the total leugth. The height at the anal origin (28 millimeters) is 

 contained alxmt 8 times in the total length. 



Scales are small, deciduous, cycloid, 6 rows between the lateral line and the origin of the 

 soft dorsal. The origin of the anal is about under the seventeenth row of scales. The 

 length of the head (42 millimeters) is contained 5^ times iu the total leugth. The inter- 

 orbital area equals the leugth of the snout and nearly one-fifth the leugth of the head. 

 The postorbital part of the head (22 millimeters) is nearly twice as long as the eye, which 

 is (12 millimeters) slightly nuue than one fourth the length of the head. The snout is ob- 

 tuse, its length about three-fourths that of the eye. The nostrils are placed nearer to the 

 eye than to the end of the snout; the anterior nostril is nearly circular, the posterior much 

 longer and slightly concave. No barbel. The maxilla is dilated at the extremity and is 

 somewhat produced downward into an obtuse point. It extends nearly to the vertical 

 through the posterior margin of the orbit, and can be concealed under the preorbital. Its 

 length (20 millimeters) is nearly one-half that of the head. The intermaxilla is slightly 

 protractile, nuich attenuated posteriorly, its length about equal to that of the nuixilla. 

 The mandible extends slightly behind tlie posterior margin of the eye, its length (24 milli- 

 meters) equaling twice the length of the eye. Intermaxillary and mandibular teeth 

 biserial, the outer series enlarged and rather widely set. Some of the eularged teeth are 

 slightly sagittate at the tip. Vomeriue teeth well developed. Upper pharyngeals in two 

 broad, well-developed patches. Gill-rakers slender, about 19 on the first arch, 4 or 5 of 

 which are above the angle. The lougest gill raker is nearly one-half as long as the eye. 



The distance of the first dorsal from the snout (44 millimeters) is nearly one fifth of 

 the total length. The first spine is elongate, filiform, and when laid backward reaches the 

 fourteenth ray of the second dorsal. The base of the fin about equals the leugth of the 

 eye. The longest ray of the second dorsal (the second) is about two-fifths the length of the 

 head. The rays diminish in size very rapidly, becoiiung minute at the extremity of the 

 tail. The anal originates under the sixth ray of the second dorsal, not far behind the 

 vent. The anterior elevated portion consists of 10 rays, all of which except the first are 

 divided. The second ray is the longest, its length (24 millimeters) being twice the length 

 of the eye. The last ray is only about one seventh as long as the second, it is separated by 

 a small membrane from the remaining portion of the fiu, which consists of very minute 

 rays, the lougest of them scarcely more thau 2 millimeters in leugth. The vent is under 



