420 DEEP-SEA FISHES OF THE ATLANTIC BASIN. 



tlic foiutli ray of the second dorsal. The ventral is placed under the base of the pec- 

 toral and about under the third spine of the first dorsal. Its first ray is lilanien tons, reach- 

 ing, w hen extended, to the aual origin. The pectoral wlieu extended I'eaehes to below the 

 fifteenth ray of the second dorsal, its length {i'2 millimeters) equalling the length of the 

 head. 



Eadial formula: D. VIII, 123+ ; A. 10 + 113; T. 15; V. 8. Color, silvery; ui>i)er parts 

 light brown; belly purplish; inside of mouth dark. 



The type specimen. Cat. No. 37350, U. S. N. M., 233 millimeters in length, was obtained 

 by the Albatross Irom station 2378, off the delta of the Mississippi liiver, iu 39° 14' 30" N. 

 lat., 88° 09' 30" W. Ion., at a depth of (58 fathoms. 



BATHYGADUS. Gunther. 



lialhygadus, GcNTnEK, Ann. and Maj;. Nat. Hist., ii, 1878, 23; Challenger Report, xxii, 1887, 154. 



Eadial formula: A genus oi MacrurUlw v;\t\i large terminal mouth, prominent nape, no 

 teeth, lanceolate gill rakers; free, notched branchiostegal membrane; high vertical fins; 

 first dorsal composed largely of branched rays; anal tin set far back. 



Head large, fleshy, without prominent lidges, spiny armature or external depressions; 

 nape elevated, hump-like. Snout broad, obtuse, not produced. Mouth terminal, very 

 large; suborbital ridge very low, not joined to the angle of the i^reoperculum. The max- 

 illary may be entirely received within a groove under the prefrontal and suborbital bones; 

 its tip narrowed and blade-like; intermaxillaries protractile downwards, separated ante- 

 riorly, rib-shaped, comiiressed vertically, very broad and without true teeth; provided pos- 

 teriorly with a short flange, which is received underneath the maxillary. Mandible received 

 within the intermaxillary bones, without true teeth, but with minute asperities, similar to 

 those iu the iutermaxillaries. Vomer and palatines toothless. 



Barbel sometimes present. No pseudobranchiic. Gill-rakers numerous, moderate, 

 lanceolate, with mimite denticulations along their inner edge. Branchiostegal membrane 

 free from the isthmus, deeply cleft. BraucUiostegals 7, very stiff. Gill-opening very wide. 

 Operculum with a blunt, spine-like prominence at its angle. Veutrals below the pectorals, 

 many-rayed, the anterior rays produced. Dorsal consisting for the most part of branched 

 rays. Scales cycloid, plain; lateral line strongly arched over the i)ectoral. 

 Bathyyadus cottoides, Gunther, (Challenger Report, xxii, 154, jd. XLii, fig. A) was taken 



by the GhaUoiger between the Kermadecs and New Zealand in 520 to 700 fathoms. 

 Bathygadus mtdtijilis, Giinther, (loc. cit., 155, pi. XLll, fig. B) a form near to B. longifilis, 



is kuown only from south of the Philippine Islands in 500 fathoms. 



BATHYGADUS FAVOSUS, Goode and Bean. (Figure 352.) 



Bathi/gadus favosus, Goode and Bean, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., xil, No. 5,160. 



The body is heavy, stout; its greatest height, at origin of first dorsal (57 nullimeters in 

 type specimen), is contained a little more than times in the total length. 'J'he inofile of 

 the body descends gradually and in a slight curve fi'om the first dorsal to the snout. 



The scales are small, deciduous, cycloid, without armature, about 135 iu the lateral 

 line, about 10 above aud 16 below the lateral line, the latter series counted from the vent. 



The length of the head (65 millimeters) is contained about 5.^ times in total length. 

 The iuterorbital area is slightly convex; its greatest width (22 millimeters) equals about 

 one-third of the length of the head. The postorbital part of the head is 2g times as long as 

 the eye, which is nearly round, its diameter equal to one-fifth the length of the head. The 

 snout is broad, oblique, its width at the nostrils (23 millimeters) a little more than the 

 width of interorbital area; its length (17 millimeters) slightly more than oue-(puirter that 

 of the head. The nostrils are close to and iu flout of the middle of the eye, the posterior 

 one somewhat the larger. No barbel. 



The teeth in both jaws iu villiform bands ; a naked space at the symphysis of the inter- 

 maxillaries. The intermaxillary bands are more than twice as wide as those on the man- 

 dible. Vomer aud palatine toothless. The longest gill-raker on the anterior arch is slightly 



