442 DEEP-SEA FISHES OF THE ATLANTIC BASIN. 



a depth of 2() fathoms; from station 2414, iu 25° 04' 30" N. hit., 82° 59' 15" W. h>ii., at a 

 dei>tli of 20 fathoms; from station 2407, in 28° 47' 30" N. lat., 84° 37' W.lon., at a depth of 

 24 iathoms. 



A closely related species, P. cornutiis, was obtained by the Challenger from stations 122 

 and 122 ]'., off the coast of Brazil, at depths between 32 and 350 fathoms. (Giinther, Chal- 

 lenger Report VI, 7, pi. ii, fig. F.; xxii, 165.) 



CITHARICHTHYS, Bleeker. 



Citharichihys, Bleeker, in Gunther. Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., iv, 420, 1862; aud in Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci. 

 AmstiMdam. xiii, 1862 (type, Citharichlliy.f cayinnensis, Bleeker.) — Ooode, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mas., ill, 

 1880, 340.— Jordan and Gilbert, Ball, xvi, U. S. Nat. Mus., 816 (part). 



Sinistral pleuronectoids with ovate body. Month large, the maxillary nearly half as 

 long as the head. Eyes sinistral, large, the npperinost not close to dorsal ontline. Teeth 

 feeble, in single series, nearly ecpially developed on each side. Pectoral upon blind side 

 fewer-rayed, mnch longer than its connterpart. Veutrals asymmetrically placed, the sini- 

 stral one npon the median ventral line, that upon the blind side produced in the males. 

 Dorsal tin commencing in advance of the eyes upon the snout, and upon the blind side of 

 the dorsal line. Dorsal and anal rays simple. 



Scales moderate, ovate, strongly pectinate, flrinly attached. Lateral line of colored side 

 strongly arched over pectoral as in Limanda. Gill rakers short, rather stout, flexible. 

 Vertebraj 34 (in C. arctifrons). Gill membranes broadly united below the throat; gill rakers 

 lanceolate. Branchiostegals 5. 



CITHARICHTHYS ARCTIFRONS, Goode. (Figures 366, A, B.) 



Cilkarichthyn aretifronn, Goode, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., in, 1880, 341, 472.^Goode and Bean, Bull. Mus. Comp. 

 Ziiol., X, 194. — GuNTHER, Challenger Report, xxil, 1887, 165. 



The height of the body (37) is about three-eighths of its total length (without caudal), 

 and is equal to about 4 times the height of the tail (0) and about 5 times its thickness (7). 



The scales are irregularly polygonal, cycloid; the largest about 6 millinu'ters in diam- 

 eter; the diameter (5) nearly equal to that of the eye. The scales are flexible, loosely 

 arranged, and very easily detached, so that it is ditticult to secure a specimen in good order. 

 Small scales on the rays of the ventral fins. There are 40 scales in the lateral line (on tlie 

 colored side), which is sharply defined and straight, and 7 or 8 above and the same number 

 below the latei-al line at the broadest jiart of the body. 



The length of the head (24-24J) is about one-fourth that of the body, and 4 times the 

 diameter of the eye (C). The interorbital space (1) is very narrow, equal to the difference 

 in the distances from snout to lower eye (4) and snout to upper eye (5). The length of nnin 

 dible (10-lOJ) is about double the latter distance; the length of the maxillary (7-7J) slightly 

 more than the greatest width of the body. 



The dorsal fin begins upon the snout, above the anterior margin of the upper eye. Its 

 greatest height (13-15) is about three times the distance of its anterior ray from the snout. 

 It is composed of 82 to 83 simple rays. The anal begins under the axil of the pectoral, its 

 greatest height (14-15) equal to or slight]}^ exceeding half the distance of its anterior ray 

 from the snout. It is composed of 67 simple rays. 



The caudal is subsessile, triangular, of 16 rays; its length about etpial to that of the 

 head. In dorsal, anal, and caudal the rays api)ear to ]iroject beyond the connecting mem- 

 brane half or two-thirds of their own length. 



The pectorals are inserted far below the lateral line and close to the gill opening. The 

 pectoral on th(^ colored side is comiiosed of more rays (!)-10) than that of th(! blind side (7), 

 its length (17-10) Ix'ing alxiut double that of its mate (7-9). The ventrals are composed of 

 4 rays. 



Color dirty light brown. 



liadial formula: I). 82-83; A. 07; C. 10; P. 9-10, 7; Y. 5; L. lat. 40. 



