DISCUSSION OF SPECIES AXD THEIR DISTRIBUTION. 46!) 



pressed spine; behind tliis on the snout iinothor sliort spine. A short spine on fhe cheek 

 bone. Anterior nostril in a tube which is produced ].osteriorly into a little Hap; postcrioi- 

 nostiil in a lai-e shorter tube. The preopercular si)ine, also, has a short spine at its base. 

 Preocular and supraocular spines present. A pair of postocnlar sjjines on each side, one in 

 front of the other. A pair of l)lunt spines on the occii)ut and another pair on the nape. 

 Len.uth of opercular spine, measured back to the ediie of the [ireopercle, e(puils the length 

 of the postorbital part of the liead. Humeral s|)ine well developed, its length nearly equal 

 to that of the preocular. The maxilla does not reach to the front of the eye, its length (14 

 millimeters) lieing efjual to the postorbital part of the head. The mandible leaches about to 

 the vertical from the front of the eye; its length (IS millimeters) nearly one-half the lengtli 

 of the head. Teeth in narrow villiform bands in thejaw.s and on the vomer and palate. 

 Eight develo]>ed gill rakers on the anterior arch. The longest about one-third as long as the 

 eye; five rudiments below and two above the develoi)ed rak<'rs of the anterior arch; these 

 are mere tubercles scarcely raised above the general surface. The length of the eye (9 milli- 

 meters) is one-half the length of the su(mt and nearly one-fourth the length of the head. 

 The snout (IS millimeters) is e((ual to twice the length of tlic eye and equals the length of 

 the mandible. The distance of the dorsal from the tip of the snout (42 millimeters) is a little 

 greater than the length of the head. The length of the base of the spin(ms dorsal (L*(! 

 millimeters) nearly three times the length ot the eye. The first sjjine is serrated on its 

 anterior margin for the greater portion of its lieight; it is nearly as long as the second, its 

 length (Hi millimeters) is two fifths the length of the head; the third spine is the longest, its 

 length (20 millimeters) is one-half the length of the head. The last two spines are very 

 small. The third spine, also, is serrated along its anterior margin for the greater portion of 

 its height. There is a very slight interspace between the two dorsals. The length of the 

 first ray of the soft dorsal (10 millimeters) eijuals that of the second spine of the doisal; the 

 length of the last ray (13 millimeters) equals one-half of tlie length of the spinous dorsal 

 base. The length of the middh^ caudal rays (27 milliiiieters) equals three times the length of 

 the eye. The caudal is slightly emarginate. The origin of the anal is immediately under 

 the origin of the soft dorsal, 'i'he length of the anal base (■'>2 millimeters) is onelialf the 

 distance of the anal from the tip of the snout. The sjune is only about two thirds as long 

 as the first ray; its length (7 millimeters) is one-half the length of the maxilla. The length 

 of the longest anal ray (12 millimeters) is one half the length of the sinuous dorsal base. 

 The ventral extends to the origin of the anal; its length (.'W millimeters) equal to the anal 

 base. The pectoral when extended readies to tiie line connecting the fifth ray of the dorsal 

 with the sixth ray of the anal. This fin is emarginate behind; its longest ray is slightly 

 longer than the head and more than twice as long as the longest <lorsal spine. 



Eadial ibruuila: D. x, 12; A. i, 10; P. i:'< + .!; V. i. 5. 



The type of the description is a specimen 112 millimeters long to base of caudal. Its 

 catalogue number is .30318, from station 2120, steamer ^//*«rmvx, N. lat.. 11° 07' W. Ion., 

 G20 14' 30", from 73 fathoms, off Trinidad. 



Seven rows of scales between the lateral line and origin of the second dorsal; 10 rows 

 between lateral line and origin of anal ; .">0 poies in the lateral line, and about 9.3 oblique rows 

 of scales can be counted. Scales on the breast conspicuously smaller than the others. 



Colors of the alcoholic specimen, light yellowish brown above, lighter below. The si)i- 

 nous dorsal has a black blotch between the fourth and fifth spines, its length about two- 

 thirds that of the eye. The membrane connecting the s|)ines of the dorsal with faint 

 dusky shades in several places. ^Membiane connecting tlie last three or four rays of the 

 second dorsal .slightly dusky. The i)ect()ral with two broad dark areas, separated and 

 surnmnded by lighter. The dark markings on the pectoral <lo not take the form of bands, 

 and have their greatest length nearly parallel with the axis of the fish. 



