484 DEEP-SEA FISHES OF THE ATLANTIC BASIN. 



anal elongate, similar posteriorly. Caudal rhombic, without fllitbrm rays. Ventrals 

 subabdomiual, composed of 6 articulated rays. First four vertebra^ elongated. Gill mem- 

 branes separate, free from the isthmus. 



AULOSTOMA, Laeepede. 



Aiilostomu, LACitpfeDE, Hist. Nat. Poiss., v, 1803, 537. — Gunther, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., m, 535. — .ToiiPAN 



andOiLBKRT, Bull, xvi, U. S. Nat. Mus., 390.— Gill, Proc. Acid. Nat. Sci., Phila., 1884, 161. 

 Polnpterichthi/s, Bleeker, Naturk. Tijdsclir. Nederlandsch-Indie, iv, 608. 



Aulostomids with body much (■omi>ressed, teeth rudimentary, and with s to 12 dorsal 

 spines. The dorsal and anal oblong, oj)posite and similarj each with from -J3 to 28 rays. 

 Caudal cuneiform, 



AULOSTOMA LONGIPES, Vaillant. (Figure 397.) 

 Julosloma loiifiipes, Vaillaxt, Exp. Sci. Travailleur et Talisijiau, 310, pi. xxvii, fig. 4. 



This species is described by Vaillant fi-ora a very small specimen, five millimeters in 

 length, in a bad state of preservation from off Morocco in 1,163 meters. It is referred by 

 him provisioually to the geuns Aiilostoiii>i, und the figure would seem to indicate that his 

 identification is correct. It may possibly be found to be a young of A. coloratum. 



Body elongate, nearly cylindrical ; its height about one-ninth, its thickness one-eleventh 

 of its length. Length of the head a little more than one-third of total length; snout con- 

 tained two and one-fourth times in the length of the head. Diameter of the eye apparently 

 about one-eighth of the length of the head; the interorbital space almost nothing. No 

 trace of scales is visible upon the .specimen, and the lateral line is only indicated by a 

 series of i>iguientary spots. 



In the place of the dorsal, Vaillant found only a very short fin, jilaced far back; and 

 an anal exactly similar to it in shape and size. The caudal was mutilated, but appeared 

 to Vaillant to have had no prolonged median rays. Pectorals moderately long. Ventrals 

 comjwsed (as nearly as it is possible to determine) of G rays, inserted far back and extend- 

 ing to the base of the caudal, which is long, being more than one-third of the entire length 

 of the body. 



Eadial formula: U. 5; A. 9+ ; V. 6. 



As Vaillant indicates, the oidy obstacle in the way of considering this the young of A. 

 colorntiim is the position and length of the ventrals, and the fact that A. coloratum has 

 not been found in the eastern Atlantic. 



Order PEDICULATI. 



Carpal bones notably elongate, forming a sort of arm, which supports the broad 

 pectorals. Gill openings reduced to a large or small foramen, situated in or near tlie axils, 

 more or less posterior to the pectorals. No scales. Ventral fins jugular, if jjresent; first 

 vertebra united to the cranium by a suture; epiotics united behind supra-occipital; elon- 

 gate basal pectoral radii reduced in number; no interclaviclcs; post- temporal broad, flat, 

 simple; superior jiharyngeals two, similar, spatulate, M'ith anterior stem and transverse 

 blade ; basis of cranium simple. No air duct to the swim bladder. Anterior dorsal reduced 

 to a few tentacle-like, mostly isolated, spines. {Jordan and Gilbert.) 



ANALV.SIS OE families OF PEDICULATI. 



I. Gill openings in, behind, or below the lower axils of the pectorals; mouth large, terminal. 



A. PseudobranchiiB present; pseudobracliia with two at-tinosts; head Inoad, depressed Lophiid.e 



B. Pseudoliraucliiie none; psiMidobracliia with three actinosts. 



1. Ventral fins developc<l; pectoral members geniculated, with elongate pseud- 



obracliia Antenxariid.e 



2. Ventral fins obsolete; pectoral members not geniculate, with moderate psoudobrai-hia.CEKATiiD.B 



II. Gill openings in or behind the upper axils; mouth small, usually inferior Onchoobphalid^ 



