11. A FAUNA WITHIN ANIMALS. 41 



CHAPTER II. 



A FAUNA WITHIN ANIMALS; BEING DESCRIPTIONS OF NEMATOID ENTOZOA FOUND 

 ASSOCIATED WITH ENTOPHYTA, AND OF OTHERS ALLIED TO THEM. 



Associated with the extraordinary flora of the intestinal canal of Julus margina- 

 tus and Passalus cornutus, there is also a rich fauna. Within the former animal, 

 there exist, with a good deal of constancy, the following entozoa : — 



1, Qregarina JuU marghmti,^ within the proventriculus ; 2, Ascaris infeda ; 3, 

 Streplostomum agile; 4, Tlielastomum attemiaiiim ; 5, Nydotherus velox ;^ Q, Bodo 

 julidis;^ and 7, a species of Vibrio, within the ventriculus and large intestine. 



In Passalus cornutus are found : — 



1, Gregarina Passali cornidi* \<\i\\\n the proventriculus; 2, Hystrignailitis rigidus, 

 within the ventriculus. 



External to the intestinal canal, and within the abdominal cavity, there is like- 

 wise found an enormous quantity of a species of nematoid worm, apparently not 

 fully developed,^ and in the thoracic cavity a second species is occasionally observed.^ 



The only helminth observed in the intestinal canal of Jidus jntsillus was a spe- 

 cies of GregarinaJ 



The common cockroach, Blatta orierdalis, contains within its intestinal canal 

 several species of animals, fi'equently in great numbers, and also, according to 

 Valentin,® an entophyte which grows from the mucous membrane of the large in- 

 testine. The same plant, Valentin states, grows within the rectum of Asfacus 

 fluviatilis. He refers it to the genus Hj/grocrocis, under the specific name of H. in- 

 testinalis, and thus characterizes it: " Fila simplicia, ienuissima, prolonga, articulata, 

 serpentina, apice recta, moniJiformia, articulis glohosis." 



A plant agreeing with this description I have not been able to find in the same 

 insect, the cockroach, introduced into this country ; but, instead of it, in the same 

 situation mixed with the contents of the intestine, or growing from its mucous 

 membrane, or occasionally from the nematoidea infesting the cavity, simple, 

 inarticulate, amorphous filaments from the 5^50 qt *^ *^*^ 20000 of an inch in dia- 

 meter (PL VII. 7, e). 



Tl\iQ QViioioii of Blatta orientalis are: 1, Yihrio; 2, Bodo; 3, Nt/ctotherus ovalis ;° 

 4, Gregarina;^" 5, Strepdostomum gracile; and 6, Tlielastomum app>endiculatum. 



' Trans. Am. PhU. Soc, x. 237. " lb. x. 244. » lb. * lb. x. 238. » lb. x. 241. ' lb. 243. ' lb. 238. 

 " Repert. fur Anat. und Phys., Band 1, S. 110, 183G. Robin: Dcs Yejil. qui rroi's. sur L' Homme, 

 etc., p. 82, 1847. » Trans. Am. Pbil. Soc, x. 21 1. •" lb. x. 239. 



