102 



COMPARATIVE ANATOMY OF PANCREAS. 



gall-bladder, and inferiorly attached to the duodenum. The spleen, which is very 

 small in these animals, is attached to the antero-superior surface of the pancreas. 

 The hepatic and cystic ducts perforate the substance of the pancreas, and, uniting 

 with its duct, enter the duodenum. 



The following figure represents the position and appearance of these viscera in 

 the Water Snake (Tropidonotus sipedon). 



Fig. 15. 



Spleen and pancreas of Water Snake (Tropidonolus sipedon). Natural size.— A. Inferior portion of the stomach con- 

 tracting into the duodenum. R. Small intestine. P. Pancreas, a compact ovoid gland. S. Spleen attached to 

 the anterior superior surface of the pancreas. By comparing the spleen of this serpent with those of other animals 

 (as in Figs. 10, 12, 13, 14, 1G, 17, 18, 22, 23, and 24), we see that this organ is remarkably small in Serpents. 

 0. Gall-bladder. N. Cystic duct passing down and joining the hepatic duct, M, just where it perforates the 

 pancreas. M. Inferior portion of the hepatic duct. X. Point at which the cystic and hepatic ducts perforate the 

 pancreas. 



In the carnivorous Chelonia, the pancreas is a large, well-developed, light-yellow, 

 lobulated gland. 



In the Soft-shelled Terrapin (Trionyx ferox), it commences opposite the pyloric 

 valve of the stomach. The principal lobe extends down along the small intestine 

 about three inches. At the inferior portion it sends off two lobes — the inferior one 

 short and broad, the superior longer — and, passing downwards, comes in contact 

 with the spleen, and passes along the anterior surface of this organ. 



Fig. 16. 



Pancreas of a carnivorous Chclonian (Triotii/z ferox), Soft- shelled Turtle. Reduced one-half diameter.— A. Inferior 

 portion of stomach contracting into small intestine. P, 1', P. Pancreas composed of numerous lobules. S. Spleen. 

 R. Small intestine. 



