NO. I 



ACHATINELLA APEXFULVA DIXON WELCH 



21 



Table 2. — Data on Material — Continued 



Mean 



Subspecies Area CollectoiH Locality Adults length 



Ridge complex 18, zone I. mm. 



fA. a. duplocincta 97A?? J. S. Emerson 56 18.0 



Ridge complex 18, zone II. 



^A. a. apexfulva 97 J. S. Emerson Opaeula 37 18.5 



Ridge complex 18, zone III. 



^A. a. kawaiiki 99? Wilder & Thurston .... 9 I9-S 



\a. a. vespertina 98? All lots 22 19.5 



Somewhere between ridge complex 18 and 19, or in ridge complex 17 or 18. 



A.a.bakeri J. S. Emerson & Judd .... 12 17.5 



Probably ridge complex 19, zone I or lower zone II. 



A. a. napus Gulick .... 10 18.5 



A. a. leucozona Gulick, ANSP 92656 78 17.5 



A. a. leucosona J. S. Emerson 8 17.5 



Ridge complex 19, zone II. 



^A. a. paumaluensis ... iii Meinecke 431 i4 i8-S 



\A. a. oioensis 114 Meinecke 460A 9 17.5 



^A.a. oioensis \SiT. 2... 113 Meinecke 462* 21 18.5 



A. a. oioensis \&r. 2 . . . 113? Thurston 23 17.5 



^A. a. oioensis VAT. x... 112 Meinecke 4So 3 18.5 



Ridge complex 20, zone I. 



^A. a. wailelensis 117 Russ & Welch 14 18.5 



Ridge complex 20, zone II. 



^A. a. ihiihiensis 116 Welch 510-23 5 18.0 



Ridge complex 20, zone III. 



IfA. a. kahukuensis .... 115? Wilder & Thurston 22 19.5 



Length Dex- Sinis- 



range tral tral 

 mm. 

 16.5-19.5 61 



17-5-19.5 38 



16.S-20.5 16 

 17. 5-21. 5 43 



15-5-18.5 14 



16.5-20.5 16 

 15.5-19.5 164 



16.5-18.5 ID 



16. 5-20.5 54 



16.5-18.S 13 



ifi-S-iQ-S 56 



16.5-19-5 37 



17-5-19.5 16 



15-5-20-5 57 



16.5-19.S 10 



17-5-21.S 55 



SPECIES CONCEPT 



The species concept of Achatinella apexfulva is the same as that 

 maintained for A. mustelina (Welch, 1938). If two forms are found 

 in the same locality or in adjacent localities and are not found to 

 hybridize they are considered distinct species. If hybrids are found 

 between two forms A and B one is considered a subspecies of the 

 other. 



In the "Manual of Conchology" (1912-1914, p. 275) the various 

 forms of Achatinella are divided into three large sections : Section 

 Bulimella Pfeififer, section Achatinellastrum Pfeiffer, and section 

 Achatinella sensu strictu. The forms of the third section are divided 

 by Cooke into eight species: A. lorata, A. cestiis, A. vittata, A. tur- 

 gida, A. apexfulva^ A. decora,, A. valida, and A. mustelina. Pilsbry 

 added three more, A. leucorraphe, A. swiftii, and A. concavospira, 

 making 11 species in all. However, Pilsbry states: 



It was hoped that characters might be found in the reproductive organs which 

 would aid to indicate specific boundaries, but dissections of A. lorata, vittata 

 simulans, and mustelina show no tangible structural differences. 



