196 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. IO3 



terminus into four main ridges and includes not only all localities on 

 these ridges but also all localities in valleys adjacent to or in between 

 these ridges. Again if only one or two areas are reported from one 

 ridge (4, 5, 12, fig. 8, p. 195) they are included with the ridge complex 

 of the adjacent ridge, or with an area in an upper or lower portion of 

 an adjacent ridge. With the exception of ridge complexes i, 19, 20, 

 which are groups of ridges, no ridge complex includes more than two 

 main ridges, which arise from the backbone ridge of the Koolau 

 Range. In compiling table 2, all forms from a ridge complex are 

 grouped together. Those from localities at the lowest elevations 

 (zones I and II) are given first and followed by forms from localities 

 at successively higher elevations (zone III). The exact localities of 

 most of the extinct Gulick forms are unknown, and they are placed 

 in table 2 next to the ridge complex which probably contained them. 



On figure 8 (p. 195) size variation of A. apexfulva in the Koolau 

 Range is illustrated. The data given in table 2 are used for compiling 

 the map. Where space permits, the length of the shell for each 

 locality is plotted with the appropriate symbol. Usually there is not 

 enough room to plot each individual locality, so that a symbol may 

 stand for several localities or an entire area having the same shell 

 length. The shell length of the majority of locaUties in an area is 

 plotted where there is not enough room to plot the shell length of one 

 or more localities having different shell lengths. If three lots from 

 a single locality have three different lengths such as 17 + , 18 + , 19 + , 

 the middle length of 18.5 is chosen for plotting. All data from 

 localities collected after 1932, or from localities I believe to be 

 reliably plotted, are used in preference to less reliable material such 

 as Wilder's and that of other collectors which has been localized 

 by being matched with reliable material. Material which has been 

 localized from localized data is included because in some cases it 

 contains large series which furnish additional data as to the possi- 

 bilities of size variation of a form. In some cases the localized material 

 is represented by such small lots that it is of little statistical value. 



Shells in highland localities (zone III) show as much horizontal size 

 variation as those in lowland localities (zone II). The shells in zone I 

 cannot be considered because of insufficient data. Little is known 

 about zone I, and the three widely separated localities on the map in 

 figure 8 are the only ones in zone I concerning which there are any 

 data. They show no horizontal variation. If more were known about 

 the location of the Gulick localities more variation would be noted in 

 zone I. The Gulick shells came from zone I and lower zone 11. Only 



