NO. 2 HONEY BEE — SNODGRASS lOI 



p. Adductor of the mandible (fig. 3H). — A larger muscle than 

 the last, fibers arising in several groups behind upper part of com- 

 pound eye, on postgena below level of foramen magnum, and one 

 small group (pa) on top of head, inserted by strong apodeme in 

 articular membrane mesad of mandibular base (fig. i C, pAp). 



10. Prmnotor of the maxilla; cardinal protractor of the proboscis 

 (fig. 4 A). — Origin posteriorly on inner face of postgenal inflection 

 forming lateral wall of proboscis fossa, inserted on short arm of 

 cardo beyond articular process. 



11, 12, J J. Adductors of the maxilla; stipital protractors of the 

 proboscis (fig. 4 A). — Three muscles arising on extreme anterior 

 end of anterior tentorial arm, 11 inserted on proximal end of stipes, 

 12 and 75 on mesal margin of stipes. These muscles are primarily 

 adductors of the maxilla, but because of the angulation between cardo 

 and stipes they become protractors, and in the bee protract the entire 

 proboscis. 



14. Muscle of the maxillary palpus (fig. 4 B, F). — A large muscle 

 arising in stipes (F), inserted on base of palpus. Morison describes 

 this muscle as an extensor of the galea inserted on the base of the 

 latter near the palpus. In Vespula, according to Duncan, there are 

 two muscles with a common insertion on the palpus. 



75. Flexor of the galea (fig. 4 F).— A large pinnate muscle arising 

 posteriorly in stipes, inserted by long tendon laterally on base of galea. 

 The galea of the bee, as in insects generally, has no extensor muscle. 



16. Flexor of the lacinia; tensor of the lacinial lobe (fig. 4 F, G). — 

 Origin in base of stipes, insertion on lever in base of lacinia ; tension 

 of this muscle on the lever raises the lacinial lobe {Icl) and holds it 

 taut. {Spanner des Segelhalters Wolff ; flexor of the lacinia Duncan ; 

 not given by Morison.) 



i^. Anterior adductor of the labium; retractor of the proboscis 

 (fig. 7 A, D). — A long muscle arising on dorsal wall of cranium, 

 tapering downward to strong tendon inserted on distal end of ligular 

 bar of prementum (h). It retracts the entire proboscis, also the ligula 

 into the prementum, and recurves the glossal tongue. (Retractor 

 linguae longus Wolff ; retractor ligulae superior Morison ; flexor of 

 the paraglossa Duncan.) 



18. Posterior adductor of the labium; protractor of the labium 

 (fig. 7D). — Origin on extreme anterior end of anterior tentorial 

 arm, inserted with muscle of opposite side by common tendon at- 

 tached on base of prementum. Serves to adduct the labium, and 

 probably also protracts it by flattening the angle between prementum 



