NO. 7 SOHON's portraits of INDIANS EWERS 37 



with iMoise the leadership of tlic I'lathead hunting camp. Again in 

 1863 Ambrose and Moise led the Flathead hunting camp on the Mus- 

 selshell River. After the death of Moise, in the spring of 1868, Am- 

 brose succeeded to the office of second chief of the h'lathead. (Owen, 

 1927, vol. I, pp. 190, 2']'/ ; vol. 2, p. loi.) 



The date of Ambrose's death is not recorded. However, we may 

 assume that he died sometime between the end of March 1869 (when 

 he was last mentioned by Owen, 1927, vol. 2. p. 133), and August 

 1872, at which time Arlce was recognized as second chief of the 

 Flathead. (Ann. Rep. Comm. Ind. AlT., 1873, P- -5^-) 



As a leader, Ambrose exhibited admirable qualities of faith, cour- 

 age, honesty, patience, and common sense. He showed remarkable 

 coolness in battle and at the Flathead Treaty Council. His words of 

 caution, offered at a crucial point in the Council proceedings, when 

 tenijiers were aroused, helped to prevent a complete breakdown in 

 negotiations. 



Adolphe, a Flathead Chief (Pl-\te ii) 



Adolplic (in baptism) 



A chief among the Flatheads, noted for his independence and good sense. Not 

 much hkcd because he never fails to reprimand any of his tribe who may 

 deserve it 



Pierre Pichette said Adolphe's Indian name was "Wears his Hair 

 in Small Twists," and that he was said to have used one of these 

 twists to spank children who misbehaved. Adolphe's peculiar hair- 

 dress is well illustrated in Sohon's portrait. 



Martina Siwahsah remembered Adolphe as a powerful medicine 

 man. She said she was present on a winter hunt on the plains when 

 the snow was so deep the horses were dying of starvation. One 

 evening the people heard someone singing. It was Adolphe making 

 his medicine to bring a chinook. In the morning the chinook struck, 

 and before evening the snow was all gone. 



Peter Ronan said that Adolphe used to lead the Flathead against 

 their enemies as their war chief. In a battle with the Gros Ventres 

 about the year 1840 Adolphe and Arlee led the Flathead to a decisive 

 victory. About half the Gros Ventres force, estimated at 100 warriors, 

 were killed. (Ronan, 1890, pp. 76-78.) 



The missionaries considered Adolphe one of the Flathead leaders 

 who retained their faith and loyalty after the closure of St. Mar>-'s 

 Mission in 1850. (Menetrey in Garraghan, 1938. vol. 2. p. 338: 

 Chittenden and Richardson, 1905, vol. 2, p. 766.) He journeyed to 



