PREFACE 



This study, whicli includes a compilation of anthropologic.il data 

 based on Soviet published and unpublished materials, has been divided 

 into two sections, one dealing with archeology, the other with physical 

 anthropology. 



The majority of tlic archeological publications from wliich sum- 

 maries have been translated were given to me while a guest of the 

 Academy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R. during June-July, 1945. in 

 ^^oscow and Leningrad. The occasion was the Jubilee Session cele- 

 brating the 220th anniversary of the founding of the Academy by 

 Peter the Great. 



I was the bearer of official greetings from the Smithsonian Institu- 

 tion, the Archaeological Institute of America, the American Anthro- 

 pological Association, the Library of Congress, the National .\rchives, 

 and the National Geographic Society. At a full session of the Praesid- 

 ium of the Academy of Sciences in Moscow I was invited to address 

 the Academy and to present these greetings from the United States, 

 which were officially accepted and warmly reciprocated by President 

 X'ladimir Komarov. For an account of this trip the reader is referred 

 to "Anthropology in the Soviet Union, 1945" in the American Anthro- 

 pologist, vol. 48, Xo. 3, pp. 375-396, 1946. 



Chapter III was translated by Mrs. John F. Normano, the Asia 

 Institute. New York City. Chapters IV and V are based on sum- 

 maries translated by Eugene V. Prostov prior to 1941. Some sections 

 in chapter IV have been translated from French summaries during 

 1946 by Mrs. David Huxley, to whom a footnote reference is given. 

 A special introduction to chapter I\', with a list of abbreviations 

 (pp. 114-115), has been included. 



While every effort has been made to express clearly antl concisely 

 the results obtained by the Soviet archeologists and antliropologists 

 whose work has been translated and summarized, this has proved to 

 be an exceptionally difficult task. 



Among other special problems was the fact that work was l)cgun on 

 this publication 10 years ago and during the war years remained 

 untouched. In addition, my collaborator. Eugene V. Prostov, has 

 been on Government service abroad since 1946. However, he has 

 checked the text, particularly the spellings of proper names, but with- 

 out his customary library and reference works at hand. Hence, 

 some discrepancies and inconsistencies, will appear. Dr. Sergei 



