26 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. IIO 



Salgir stream near Chokurcha, 2 kilometers northeast of Simferopol, 

 was discovered and investigated by S. I. Zabnin during 1927 and 

 excavated in 1928 and in the following years. The cultural remains 

 of the Quaternary period occur in the yellow clayey loam containing 

 crushed rock, which extends to the rocky bottom of the cave and 

 continues all along the slope where it attains about 4.0 m. in thickness. 

 More than nine thin cultural levels with traces of hearths were re- 

 corded in this alluvial deposit. On the slope in front of the cave was 

 found an accumulation of split mammoth bones, associated with a 

 considerable thickness of the cultural stratum. The flint inventory 

 consisted of a large quantity of unifaced and bifaced tools. A few 

 bone awls were found. Included in the fauna were the mammoth, 

 cave hyena, cave bear, rhinoceros, saiga antelope. Bos, Cervus, and 

 fox. 



28. Shaitan-Koha. — A Late Mousterian cave located on the right 

 slope of Bodrak Valley, near a tributary of the Alma River, at Tau- 

 Bodrak near Simferopol. This cave, discovered by S. N. Bibikov 

 during 1928, was investigated by G. A. Bonch-Osmolovskii during 

 1 929- 1 930. The cultural remains occur in the Quaternary gravels, 

 in the limestone stratum of the rock shelter and also on the scree 

 slopes. Large flint tools of local dark flint were found together with 

 typical Mousterian implements; the inventory included prismatic 

 laminae, scrapers, burins, etc. The fauna included mammoth, cave 

 lion, cave hyena, wild horse, saiga, Arctic fox, rodents, etc. 



29. Bessergenovka. — During 1933 V. L Gromov and V. A. 

 Khokhlovkina found Mousterian flakes beneath the Rissian loess near 

 Taganrog on an ancient terrace on the coast of the Sea of Azov. 



30. Ilskaia. — This Upper Mousterian site lies near the Cossack 

 village of Ilskaia on the left slope going to the valley of the Ilia River. 

 The cultural deposit, 0.5 m. in thickness, extended over a wide area 

 in the upper part of the second terrace, 15.0 m. above the Ilia River. 

 The fauna included a considerable quantity of bones of the primitive 

 Bos. The simplest implements were made of bone. Discovered by 

 Baron Joseph de Baye during 1898, investigated by S. N. Zamiatnin 

 in 1925, 1926, and 1928, and by V. A. Gorodtsov in 1936 and 1937. 



31. Podkumskaia. — A calvarium and other fragmental human 

 bones were found in 1918 at Piatigorsk during sewer construction. 

 These remains were described by M. Gremiatskii. The possibility 

 of assigning these remains to the Mousterian period or to any part 

 of the Paleolithic is now seriously challenged. 



32. Akhshtyr cave. — Four kilometers from Golitsyno in the Adler 

 Raion on the right bank of the Mzymta River, Mousterian flints were 



