NO. 13 SOVIET ANTHROPOLOGY — FIELD 69 



a vase between them ; this plaque was attributed to the ninth-tenth 

 centuries. The constructions of this era disintegrated at the end of 

 the tenth century and were engulfed by a layer of rubble 2 m. deep. 



During the following period, a series of buildings were constructed 

 on this foundation, and belonged to several groups of dwelling houses. 

 The walls were poorly built of stones held together with mud ; the 

 plan was irregular, the dimensions too small, the furnishings meager, 

 the floors of earth, and the walls unplastered. During this later period 

 (twelfth-fifteenth centuries) this district was rebuilt according to a 

 new plan. Generally, there were inner courtyards ; in one courtyard 

 was a well which served four houses. The Roman cisterns, partly 

 covered by the second layer, were then sometimes used as cellars. 



Within the houses were unearthed working equipment such as fish- 

 ing tackle and net weights, boats, dragnets for shell fisiiing, stone-work- 

 ing and weaving tools, red-glazed pottery decorated with an engraved 

 design, etc. In one well a glazed bowl was found with an interior de- 

 sign showing Theodore Stratilat astride a horse killing a dragon. 



The buildings of the late period were destroyed by fire, apparently 

 at the time of the destruction of Chersonesus at the end of the fifteenth 

 century. The floors were covered by thick debris, including fragments 

 of coal, soot, charred wood, and burnt walls and objects. 



During 1932 excavations were made to the east of the area ex- 

 plored in 193 1 ; 700 square meters were uncovered. 



Architectural remains of the Greek epoch are rare, having been 

 destroyed at the time of the construction of the basilica. In the clay 

 near the rock, amphora handles were found which bore the mark of 

 the Chersonesus astinomes, as were fragments of black-glazed pottery 

 dating from the third-second century B. C. 



Near the western street was a large cistern with a flooring of brick 

 and mortar and walls coated in red parget. The bottom of the tank 

 was covered with a layer of salted ancho\y, 0.25-1.0 m. thick. The 

 fish formed a compact brown mass. The type of fish was identifiable 

 through the spines. After the cistern was no longer used for salting 

 fish, it had been used as a cesspool. Directly above the fish lay pottery 

 of the later Roman period and coins from the time of Zenon and 

 Justinian the First. During the sixth centur>', when the basilica was 

 built, it was used as a limekiln ; its fourth use was for the storage of 

 provisions ; the fifth, during the ninth-tenth centuries, was a final 

 conversion into a cesspool. The finding of this cistern with its fish 

 remains was of great importance, not only for the determination of 

 construction date, but as an indication of the original purpose of the 

 large number of similar tanks found throughout the city. It is certain 



