94 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. I lO 



the objects in the Sarskoe gorodishche, this was the first town with 

 artisans. Its existence was a result of the progressive development 

 of the social division in labor and the increasing separation of the 

 crafts from agriculture. 



Previous Research in the Upper Volga Region 



Gorodishche near Kaliazin. — The gorodishche, located on a head- 

 land on the left bank of the Upper Volga between two deep ravines, is 

 protected by two Valiums. It covers an area of approximately 1,500 

 square meters. The site is of interest because its archeological stratum, 

 which is 3.0 m. deep at certain points, contains the cultural remains 

 of different epochs dating from the middle of the first millennium 

 B. C. to the third-fourth centuries A. D. The upper layers of the 

 gorodisJiche were unfortunately destroyed by a cemetery that existed 

 during the twelfth-thirteenth centuries. Small excavations were made 

 during 1935. 



Gorodok gorodishche. — This covers an extensive headland junction 

 of the Gorodetski stream with the right bank of the Upper Volga. 

 Its elevation is separated from the plateau by two ditches. The sides 

 have been heavily eroded by the river. The cultural stratum, which 

 was 30-40 cm. in depth, was completely excavated during 1936. In 

 the lower levels, there were objects dating from the middle of the first 

 millennium B. C. ; in the upper levels were articles belonging to the 

 first centuries of our era. 



Vladimir skie Khutor a selishche. — This site on the right bank of 

 the Mologa River, about 50 kilometers from its mouth, was located 

 on the edge of the first terrace, and is today heavily flooded by the 

 spring waters. The cultural stratum, which lay at a depth of 20-30 

 cm., was excavated in 1936. Only a few objects were found, mainly 

 pottery dating from the first centuries A. D. 



Krugletsy gorodishche. — During 1933 on the right bank of the Volga 

 near Ochotin, about 2 kilometers downstream from Myskin, some 

 traces of this gorodishche, which had been almost entirely destroyed 

 by the Volga, were found. The 10 square meters remaining were 

 excavated in 1936. This revealed that the site had been occupied 

 during the first centuries A. D. Typical pottery and some iron articles 

 were found. 



Grechov gorodishche. — This site was located on a promontory on 

 the right bank of the Upper Volga, at the mouth of the Grechov, 

 7 kilometers upstream from Uglie. Its platform has been almost 

 entirely destroyed by the river. At the side of the platform, the 



