NO. 13 SOVIET ANTHROPOLOGY — FIELD 137 



chestnut-haired individuals predominate, and he explains their pres- 

 ence by the mixture of the local population with the orij,Mnal hlond 

 element, the Usuns [Wusuns], and partly with the hlond (^alchas. 

 Kuznetsov discerns three types of Tajiks: 



1. Those with an Indo-European outline of the face, with regular 

 features. Many individuals of this type have prominent cars, nose, 

 and lips; dark, brown, or black eyes of medium size; and abundant 

 dark hair on the face. 



2. Strongly reminiscent of the Jewish type, thin skin on the face, 

 large black almond-shaped eyes, aquiline nose; long, wavy, pitch- 

 black beard. 



3. A very rare type with light hair and eyes. 



Shishlov agrees that the blond mixture came from the outside, but 

 in the distant past, which is borne out by its absence among the 

 modern Persians. The dark type, according to him, is the only typical 

 Tajik type. 



Tsimmcrman distinguishes two types among the Tajiks of the 

 Pskem \'alley : 



1. Tall, pale pink skin on the face, which does not become dark 

 brown with sunburn ; slender waist, broad shoulders, and, probably, 

 light hair and eyes. (Less numerous.) 



2. Not as tall, more darkly pigmented, more rugged build, and 

 dark hair and eyes. (More numerous.) 



Many other authors think that Tajiks belong to a firmly estab- 

 lished and defined type. 



Thus MiddendorfF (quoted from Shishlov) thinks that the Tajiks 

 have a completely defined, shari)ly expressed, independent type, and 

 does not agree with the opinion that the \''allcy Tajiks are a mixture 

 of Persian, Arabic, Uzbek, and even Kirghiz blood. 



He describes the Tajiks as very brachycephalic, with dark hair and 

 eyes, with high and large cranium, rounded domed sinciput, noble, 

 broad, and high forehead, protruding browridges, elevated glabella, 

 deep nasal furrow, thick, protruberant, aquiline ("humped") nose, 

 European eyes, and very thick, dark or light chestnut or red beard. 

 Tajiks have large noses, medium-size hands and feet, and thin calves. 



Maslovskii thinks that "Tajik" is a collective term. At first this 

 term may have meant a group of various peoples united by a bond of 

 religion who later were amalgamated into a new general type, repre- 

 sented by a clearly defined tribe known as the Tajiks. Maslovskii 

 does not believe that it is possible to determine by means of anthro- 

 pological measurements the original elements entering into the compo- 

 sition of the Tajik people. 



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