138 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL, 1 10 



He does not agree with the authors who think that only one people, 

 by mixing with incoming tribes, produced the type known as Tajik, 

 and that this type is represented by the Mountain Tajiks. Together 

 with Barthold, Maslovskii thinks that in the mountains are found not 

 the pure type of Tajiks, but only the various elements, which, mixing 

 in the valley, produced the current tribe of Tajiks. 



Maslovskii discerns five such elements, including the Arab, Jewish, 

 Slavic, Armenian, and eastern Iranian types. The last group belongs 

 to the "Alpine" race; according to Maslovskii this group had the 

 greatest share in forming the Tajik type. Maslovskii's data exemplify 

 the metaphysical method of constructing a scheme of the formation 

 of a type : on one side he admits that it is impossible to discern the 

 constituent elements of the type; on the other, he finds them in the 

 mountains, even delineating their geographical boundaries. 



1. Arab type. — Fan gorge; Samarkand region; Taghana; Hissar 

 region; lAkh-Su River region. These are Arabs who have partly 

 embraced Tajik culture. 



2. Jewish type. — Widely spread. According to Maslovskii, Afghans 

 belong to this group. Isolated communities of this type are found in 

 the Zarafshan Mountains, in the Hissar and Karategin. This type is 

 particularly pure in the upper course of the Zarafshan River, and in the 

 lower course of the lAzgulem River. A strong admixture of this type 

 is also found in Rushan and Badakhshan, and, partly, in Shugnan. 

 On the basis of philological study, Ginzburg considers that it is im- 

 possible to suspect them of Semitic origin. 



3. Slavic type. — To this type belong tribes of northern Karategin 

 and Darvaz, and a group of mountaineers of Vakhan. 



4. Armenian type. — On the left bank of the lAgnob River and in 

 the northern section of Hissar and Karategin. 



5. Eastern Iranian type. — Right bank of lAgnob, Hissar, and 

 Karategin, and along the Darvaz River, from Kalai-Khuban to Vanch. 

 This type forms the basis of the Tajik race. 



According to Bogoiavlenskii, representatives of several types are 

 found in each kishlak (hamlet). In its basic traits, the population is 

 brachycephalic, and resembles the Persian type. The following are 

 the characteristics of this dominant type : medium to tall stature, 

 brachycephalic brown eyes; long, wavy (sometimes slightly curly) 

 black beard, and a straight (sometimes aquiline) nose. 



Another common type, to which belong the majority of some of 

 the settlements, is the "Semitic type," which is characterized by fairly 

 low stature, exceptionally thin lips, brown eyes, aquiline nose, narrow 

 face, and a slightly curly black beard. 



