140 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. 1 10 



According to Grebenkin, the villagers prevailingly belong to his 

 first group (with a greater admixture of Uzbek characters). The 

 author of an anonymous old description of Tajiks states that rich 

 Tajiks differ greatly from poor Tajiks in type, and that the richer 

 they are, the greater admixture of Persian and Jewish blood they 

 seem to have. 



Shults points out the considerable difference between the "fine" 

 type of the members of the noble families, most of whom derive 

 from ancient military leaders, and the coarse type of the rest of the 

 population. ^^ 



History of anthropological study of the Tajiks. — Probably the 

 earliest measurements are those taken by A. I. Fedchenko in 1869, 

 who measured 33 individuals, including four Tajiks from Zarafshan 

 Valley. He also brought out several skulls. These materials were 

 published by Bogdanov, who gave a detailed characterization of 

 Turkestan crania, and noted their extreme brachycephaly. The crania 

 studied by Bogdanov were characterized by exceptional height. It is 

 interesting to record that at that time European anthropologists 

 (Topinard and Girard de Rialle) thought that Central Asian Tajiks 

 were dolichocephalic, probably basing their figures on de Khanikhov's 

 materials on the Persian Tajiks. At a later date Topinard studied the 

 crania brought back by Fedchenko,^* and had more correct information 

 regarding Mountain Tajiks. 



Ujfalvy measured 58 Tajiks from Koghistan (upper Zarafshan 

 Valley) whom he called "Galchas," 31 Tajiks from Ferghana, 29 from 

 Samarkand, and 10 from Hissar.-^ 



In 1890 Troll published brief data regarding 148 Central Asians, 

 including 6 Tajiks. 



In 1894 lAvorskii, who was particularly interested in Turkomans, 

 measured 16 Tajik women. During 1895-1899 Maslovskii measured 

 583 individuals, of whom 381 were Plains Tajiks (no specified 

 locality), 42 individuals from lAgnob and Darvaz, 21 from lAngulem, 

 and 34 from Matchin. On the basis of his published figures it is im- 

 possible to justify his division of Tajik tribes into five types. 



23 Ginzburg states that such judgments, based on superficial observations, are 

 typical for the adherents of the Indo-Aryan theory. 



2* Cf. Cranes Galtchas. Bull. Soc. d'Anthrop., p. 247, Paris, 1878. 



25 Ginzburg observes that these materials are too diffuse : great geographical 

 range and differences of age; his claims regarding the common occurrence of 

 light elements among the population have not been substantiated ; his methods 

 make it impossible to compare his figures with those obtained by more recent 

 explorers. 



