NO. 13 SOVIET ANTHROPOLOGY — FIELD I8I 



areas closest to the Pamirs (Khotan, Polu, Kc)k lAr, and possibly 

 in Yarkcnd and Kashgar). Another Indo-Euroi>ean element still 

 clearly predominates in the Lob Nor area, and east to the Sa Shu 

 area, on the boundary of Kansu Province. However, a large ad- 

 mixture of this dolichocephalic type was found in areas far to the 

 west of this region. So it is that to the east of Kiiotan '° Przcwalskii 

 had noticed a large miml)cr of blonds among the inhabitants of the 

 Kerian Mountains.'^ 



Comparing these data. Roland Dixon postulates his hypothesis 

 according to which the dolichocephalic Indo-Europeoid type had once 

 been widespread throughout eastern Turkestan, and was only gradu- 

 ally pushed east by the continuous pressure of brachycephalic Indo- 

 Europcans from the direction of the Pamirs and Mongols from the 

 north and northwest. 



The Scythians arc regarded by several other anthropologists as an 

 ethnic group carr^'ing with it eastward the elements of Homo sapiens 

 indo-curopacus doUchoiiwrphus. Thus, Montandon " refers to Had- 

 don's proto-Nordic race as a possible "historical, geographical, and 

 somatological link connecting the modern Ainu with other varieties 

 of Homo sapiens indo-curopacus." According to him these proto- 

 Nordics, light-eyed, and above medium stature "aurait ete fortement 

 represente par les anciens Scythes." 



The western branch, Yuechi-Tokharians, wxrc known to Byzantine 

 historians under the name of "White Huns" or "Ephthalitcs." Pro- 

 copius of Caesarea wrote : "Even though the Ephthalites are a people 

 of Hunnish stock, thev have not become mixed with the Huns known 



"0 In the area where tlic remnants of the Indo-Scythian Tokharian language 

 was discovered. 



^» Grum-Grzhimailo, G. E., Zapadnaia Mongoliia i Uriankhaiskii Krai, vol 2, 

 p. 19. Leningrad, 1926. 



T- In L'Anthropologic, vol. 37, p. 338, 1927, he also refers to the find by .\. P. 

 Mostits of two dolichocephalic crania associated with a Scythian cauldron, in 

 Trans-Eaikalia (Izv. Tr.-Kiakh. Old. Russ. Geo. Ob., vol. 3, 1895). A dolicho- 

 cephalic type is also known in Baltistan, southern Tibet. (Cf. A. H. Kcanc, 

 A. C. Haddon, and others in Man, Past and Present, p. 167, Cambridge, 1920; 

 Ujfalvy, Les Aryens du Nord et Sud de I'Hindou-Kouch, p. 319, Paris, 1896). 

 Ujfalvy, Keanc, and Haddon regard these people as the descendants of the 

 Sacae. The "Balti arc not Til)Ctans or Mongols at all, but descendants of the 

 historical Sacae, although now of Tibetan speech and Moslem faith." Rock 

 paintings in Baltistan resemble Scythian representations of weapons; tliis was 

 where a portion of the Sacae, invading India from the north in the year 90 B. C, 

 settled dowm. 



