l82 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. 1 10 



to US. Alone of all Huns they are not of repellent countenance and 

 have white bodies." 



This testifies to the Indo-European appearance of the Huns. An 

 attempt to discern the dolichocephaly of the Huns from the effigies 

 on their coins has not been successful. M. E. Masson states that it is 

 difficult to attribute certain coins definitely to the Ephthalites. In 

 addition, the head form of the effigies is hidden by the headgear 

 depicted. 



Conclusions. — i. Turkomans practice the custom of binding the 

 heads of babies and explain by this custom their own dolichocephaly. 



2. Whether this achieves the desired effect cannot be answered 

 definitely until more information regarding the morphology of the 

 Turkoman skull is forthcoming. According to the preliminary studies 

 of Fokina and Maslov, the dolichocephaly of the Turkomans is due 

 mainly to the relatively lesser lateral development of the skull, some- 

 thing which could hardly take place under the influence of the bandage 

 as described. 



According to Oshanin's data, the brachycephaly of the Kirghiz is 

 due to the relatively stronger lateral development of skull, and not 

 to the smallness of its length as, for example : 



Group G. O. L. 



Issyk-Kul Kirghiz 187.0 



Ersari Turkomans 188.4 



3. Even if it should be proved that artificial cranial elongation of 

 the Turkomans actually takes place, this still would not mean that 

 the dolichocephaly of the Turkomans is not inheritable. 



4. The racial (inheritable) character of Turkoman dolichocephaly 

 is clearly indicated by the reference to Al-Mukkadisi. 



5. On the basis of historical, philological, and anthropological 

 data, Oshanin considers that the Turkomans have received their 

 dolichocephaly through the admixture of the Guze ancestors of the 

 Turkomans with the Scytho-Sarmatians, whose language they Turk- 

 ized, but whose physical type they changed but slightly. 



6. The custom of intensifying dolichocephaly by means of bandages 

 was widely used by Scytho-Sarmatian tribes, definitely in Europe 

 and very probably in Asia down to the boundaries of eastern Tur- 

 kestan. 



7. It is possible that this custom among the Turkomans is a survival 

 of this widespread custom of their ancestors, the Scytho-Sarmatians. 



