NO. 13 SOVIET ANTHROPOLOGY — FIELD 185 



rurko-Mongolian tribes. A particularly close rcsemhlancc is found 

 between tbe Kazakhs and the Buriats. 



The following morphological characters were recorded : 



Pigmentation 



The highest percentage of light and mixed eyes was found in the 

 western part of Tavil-Darya region and in the southern part of Dasht- 

 i-Dzhum region. The darkest pigmentation was found in the Kalai 

 Khumb (Piandzh Valley) and the Muminabad regions. 



In order to find out whether the blue-eyed Tajiks represented a 

 special type, Ginzburg measured separately a group of adults having 

 eyes of this color (Nos. 12, 14-16 on Martin's scale). It was dis- 

 covered that in the range of variations of absolute measurements, 

 head and body proportions and indices, and of the descriptive char- 

 acters of head and face, the blue-eyed group did not differ from all 

 other Tajiks. The only difference was a lighter pigmentation of hair 

 and beard in this group, which consisted of eight subjects. Among 

 the Tajiks from the other regions the darkest-pigmented eyes were 

 found among the Bukharan Tajiks. 



The Ferghana Tajiks were but slightly more darkly pigmented 

 than the Mountain Tajiks. Joyce's materials show that the Tajiks 

 of Darvaz are more strongly pigmented than the Tajiks from Karate- 

 gin. The lightest pigmentation was found in the southwestern Pamirs. 



While the Jews, measured by Oshanin, have a larger percentage 

 of mixed eyes than the Tajiks, the former are in general more darklv 

 pigmented than the latter and have a much larger percentage of the 

 darker shades of brown eyes. 



The pigmentation of the eyes is darker in the yoimger age groups, 

 while for the group 24 to 50 years old the commonest shade is Xo. 4. 

 followed by No. 3 ; for the ages 18 to 23 the most common shade is 

 No. 3. followed by No. 4 C Martin's scale). The mean .shade for the 

 24- to 50-year-old group was 4.83 ; for the 18- to 23-year-olds. 3.96. 



Turkomans and Kara-Kalpaks are more highly pigmented than the 

 Moimtain Tajiks, and less pigmented than the Bukharan Tajiks. In 

 general, the Uzbeks are more strongly pigmented than the Tajiks, 

 but they have a great range of variations. The Kirghiz have a still 

 greater range of variations. The Ferghana Kirghiz are more highly 

 pigmented than the Ferghana Tajiks and much more than the Moun- 

 tain Tajiks. The Kirghiz from the highlanrl areas of the Tien Shan 

 are pigmented less strongly than even the Mountain Tajiks. Pamirian 

 Kirghiz as well as Joyce's Tajiks from the southwestern Pamirs are 



13 



