NO. 13 SOVIET ANTHROPOLOGY — FIELD I95 



Thus, in the foundation of the race genesis of our Kazakhs lies a 

 basic specihc type corresponding to Deniker's Turkish race. In 

 addition, the following races took part in the formation of the Kazakh 

 type: Central Asiatic — Mongoloid — and, to a very small degree, the 

 Europeoid ramiro-Fcrghan complex. 



WESTERN KAZAKHS 



Rudenko®° observed that the study of the Kazakhs (Kirghiz- 

 Kazakhs) is of many-sided interest. The Kazakhs, one of the most 

 numerous Turkish peoples, have, better than the other Turks, pre- 

 served their ancient way of life and, most probably, their physical 

 type. 



In analyzing the physical type of the Kazakhs, it may be possible 

 to determine the basic type of the Turks as well as the foreign ad- 

 mixtures which entered into their composition. 



All earlier measurements were based on very little material, dealing 

 almost entirely with adult males. Zeland " measured lo male and 

 10 female Kazakhs and 30 male Kara-Kirghiz of the Semireche (Jctty- 

 Su) region. Ujfalvy ®^ measured 11 male Kazakhs and 26 male Kara- 

 Kirghiz of Ferghana. Matseevskii and Poiarkov ®^ measured 30 male 

 Kazakhs in Kuldzha ; Tronov ** measured 36 male and 13 female 

 Kazakhs of the Middle Horde; Kharuzin," 157 male Kazakhs of the 

 Lesser (Hukeevskaia) Horde, Ivanovskii/" 126 male and 30 female 

 Kazakhs of the Middle Horde. 



Thus, we have data regarding 426 male and 53 female Kazakhs 

 and Kirghiz taken together. Of the investigators mentioned, only 

 Ivanovskii gives summary data for individual clans, while the clans 

 of the groups investigated by other authors are not known. 



However, we know that the Kazakhs formed an independent people, 

 consisting of only several tribes by the middle of the fifteenth century. 



*° Rudcnko, S., Osobennosti zapadnykli Kaznkov, in .'\kadciniia Nauk S.S.R. 

 Matcrialy osobogo komitcta po isslcdovaniiu soiuznykh i avtonomnykh rcspuMik, 

 No. 3, pp. 83-221, 1927. 



** Zeland, N. L., Kirgizy. Zapiski Zap.-Sihir. Otd. Russ. Gcog. Ob., vol. 7, 

 No. 2. Omsk. 1885. 



*2 Ujfalvy dc Mczo-Kovcsd. Lc Kohistan, Ic Fcrghanali ct Kuldja. Paris, 1878. 



*' Matseevskii and Poiarkov, Etnograficlicskic zamctki o tuzcmtsakh byvshego 

 Kuldzhinskogo raiona. Omsk, 1883. 



" Tronov, V. D.. Materialy po antropologii i ctnologii Kirgiz. Zap. Imp. 

 Russ. Gcog. Ob., po Otd. Etnogr., No. 2, St. Petersburg, i8gi. 



" Kharuzin, A. N., Kirgizy P.ukeevskoi ordy. Trudy .Antr. Otd. hnp. Ob. 

 Liub. Est., ,'\iitr. i Etnog. Imp. Mos. Univ., vol. i.;. 



*' Ivanovskii. A. A., Kirgizy Srednei ordy. Razb., vol. 14. No. 2, 1903. 



