NO. 13 SOVIET ANTHROPOLOGY — FIELD 229 



State Anthropological Museum which Ranchevskii " descril>e(l in 

 1888. The collection was presented hy the eastern Siberian branch of 

 the Russian Geographical society. 



The series consisted of nine male and eight female crania. Two 

 children's crania were included. 



Levin found the series to be relatively homogeneous. The crania 

 were short, very wide, and of medium height. The cephalic index 

 was 84.0. The forehead was straight, not broad, and the supraorbital 

 region was of medium development. Tlie prevailing skull forms were 

 sphenoidal and broad-pentagonal. Muscular relief was slight. The 

 occiput was flattened. The face was high, broad, and orthngnathous 

 (F.I. 52.8) ; the nose, medium (N.I. 46.8) and slightly prominent; 

 the orbits, medium high. Horizontal and vertical facial profdes, as 

 judged from the development of fossae caninae, were weak. Nine out 

 of seventeen crania possessed a prenasalis. 



Six crania had asymetrical occipita. Levin was unable to conclude 

 whether or not the deformation was artificial, that is, a result of the 

 use of native cradles. 



Three crania had "Inca bones." 



After comparing these crania with those of other peoples of north- 

 eastern Asia such as Giliaks (Trofimova), Tannu-Tuvans and Kem- 

 chik (Debets), Buriats and Kudiaks (Debets), Ainu (Trofimova). 

 Tungus and North Baikal (Roginskii), and Aleuts (Tokareva), 

 Levin concluded that the Orochis belong to the Central Asiatic variant 

 of the Mongolian race but that they difTered from other representatives 

 of that t}'pe, such as the Tannu-Tuvans, in smaller head length, 

 greater brachyccphaly, and smaller cranial capacity. lie therefore 

 classifies them as belonging to the Pacific Ocean variant of the Central 

 Asiatic type, to which Debets," following Montandon,** attributed 

 the Giliaks, the Aleuts, and the Tlinkits. Levin argtics that the .Mcuts 

 differ greatly from the Orochis and the Giliaks in .such essential char- 

 acters as frontal, facial, and nasal angles, cranial height, and bizy- 

 gomatic breadth. The Orochis and the Giliaks differ in growth of 

 beard, the Sakhalin Giliaks incltuling a heavy bearded type, which 

 Debets found also among the so-called .Amur Orochi.** Debets was 

 not of the opinion that this characteristic was due to Ainu admixture. 



♦° Mnrskoi sbornik. mcditsinskrx* pribavlcnic, 1888. 



♦^ Debets, G. F., AnthropoloRical composition of the population of Baikal area 

 in the late Neolithic period. AZH, vol. 19. Nos. 1-2, iQ^^o. 



*' Montandon, G., Anthropologic paI6osib^riennc. L'AnthropoIogie, N'os. 3-6, 

 1926. 



"Debets, G. F., Ulchi. AZH, No. i, 1936. 



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