232 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. 1 10 



153). The upper facial height is medium to high, 72.14 (range 65- 

 81). The facial index of 51.57 (range 46.5-56.5) is mesoprosopic. 

 The facial angle of 83.04 (range 76-90) is mesognathous. The facial 

 form is elliptical, with medium-developed (1.84) fossa canina. The 

 nasal index of 45.4 (range 35.5-53-4) is mesorrhine with a medium- 

 developed nasal bone. The orbital height is above medium but tends 

 toward being mesoconch. 



The female crania are of smaller dimensions, both as to size and 

 facial measurements. They are more brachycephalic, the frontal angle 

 being smaller. The face is more protruding. The glabella, brow- 

 ridges, and fossa canina are less developed. 



After comparing Aleut measurements with the scheme proposed 

 by Debets for Mongoloid, Europeoid, and Australoid (after Morant) 

 races, Tokareva concludes that the Aleuts belong to the Mongoloid 

 group, having neither Europeoid nor Australoid traits. Tokareva 

 then compares the Aleuts with the racial groups of the second order, 

 beginning with the Eskimo. 



According to Jochelson,*^ the Aleutian langauge originates from a 

 source common to all Eskimo dialects, and in all probability repre- 

 sents by itself one of the most ancient Eskimo dialects. The culture 

 of the Aleuts is very close to that of the Eskimo. According to Toka- 

 reva there is, however, very little in common between their physical 

 traits. 



According to Jenness *® the Eskimos are characterized by a rela- 

 tively high skull, considerable dolichocephaly accompanied by a 

 broad face, an exceptionally narrow nose and large cranial capacity. 

 In all these traits the Eskimo skulls sharply differ from the average 

 Aleut cranium. 



There exists a much greater degree of similarity when Aleut crania 

 are compared with those of the Tlinkits of northwestern America. 

 The two series are very close together in size, bizygomatic breadth, 

 facial height and index, and frontal angle. The main difference con- 

 sists in Tlinkit crania having a greater head height and in being more 

 brachycephalic. In head length and breadth as well as in facial and 

 orbital indices both Aleut and Tlinkit crania resemble Hrdlicka's ^° 

 "mixed" group of Alaska. 



Tokareva then compares the Aleut measurements with the cranial 



^8 Jochelson, W. I., Unanganic (Aleutian) language, the language and writing 

 of the northern peoples, pt. 2, 1934. 



48 Jenness, Diamond, The American aborigines, Toronto, 1933. 



80 Hrdlicka, Ales, Catalogue of human crania in the United States National 

 Museum collections. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 63, art. 12, 1924. 



