NO. 13 SOVIET ANTHROPOLOGY — FIELD 233 



measurements of other groups: Lake Baikal Xcolithic Type A," 

 Tungus,'- Tlinkits," Chukchi (Ilrdlicka), Kskimo of Alaska (Hrd- 

 licka), Gihaks (Trofimova), Ainu/* Tuvinians," and the Telengets 

 (Bunak). 



The Telengets have only the frontal angle and the facial height in 

 common with the Aleuts. The Tannu-Tuvans, representing the 

 Central Asian variety, have a much straighter forehead, a higher skull, 

 a greater degree of hrachycephaly, a higher face, a smaller hizygomatic 

 breadth, and a narrower nose. The Aleuts, therefore, cannot he in- 

 cluded in either of the two basic Mongoloid races of Siberia. 



When the Aleuts are compared with the Giliaks (whom Montandon 

 considered to belong to one race), it is found that the two types differ 

 greatly; that the Ciiliak skulls are higher, more brachycephalic, possess 

 straighter noses, greater facial angles, and broader faces than the 

 Aleuts. 



The Chukchis also difTer from the Akuts, having a smaller cephalic 

 index, greater skull capacity, higher face, higher orbits, and a smaller 

 bizygomatic breadth. 



The Ainu has a straighter forehead, smaller facial height and 

 breadth, and is more dolichocephalic. 



The most amazing fact in connection with the determination of the 

 racial aflinities of the Aleuts was the discovery of their indubitable 

 similarity in a number of traits with the populations of Lake Baikal 

 area, particularly with the Tungus described by Roginskii. Both the 

 Tungus and the Aleuts have exceedingly low skulls. According to 

 Roginskii "The trans-Baikal Tungus are apparently one of the lowest- 

 headed groups in the world." However, the Aleut skull is still lower 

 than the Tungus (Tungus, 129.6; Aleuts, 127.75). Both these 

 groups have great similarity in the frontal angle, in the orbital and 

 nasal indices, and in the bizygomatic brearlth. The facial index of the 

 Aleuts is Init slightly less than that of the Tungus, the latter possessing 

 a slightly greater facial height. 



The only differences between these two groups are the greater head 



"> Debcts, G., Anthropological comixjsition of the population of Baikal area in 

 the late Xcolithic period. .XZH, N'os. 1-2, 1930. 



^' RoRinskii, I.'\., Matcrialy po antropolngii tiinpiisov scvemoRo Pribaikalia 

 [Materials for the anthropology of the Tungus of the northern Baikal area]. 

 AZH, No. 3, 1934- 



53 Fridolin, Amerikanischc Schadcl, /Vrch. Anthrop., 1898. 



5* Trofimova, K Ainskoi problcmc (A contribution to the /\inu problcml. 

 AZH. No. 2, 1932. 



»* Debets. G., Kraniologichcskii tip Tannu-Tuvintscv [TIjc craniological type 

 of the Tannu-Tuvans]. Sovetskaia Aziia, N'os. 5-6, 1930. 



