72 



parallel with the incisors. Incisors deciduous from upper jaw ; per- 

 sisteut in lower. Placenta and stomach diversiform. (Pecora unguli- 

 gruda.) 



1. Placenta polycotyledonary. Stomach quadripartite, a well-developed 

 psalterinm being differentiated. Incisorial series of lower jaw unin- 

 terrupted at the symphysis. (Pecora unguligrada typica.) 



a. Neck very long and slender, the cervical vertebrae (3-7) being 

 much elongated : the dorsodumlmr vertebrae comparatively ab- 

 breviated and declining backwards, the hinder limbs being shorter 

 than, or as short as, the anterior. Horns developed as epiphyses 

 of the frontals, and covered with an extension of the skin. ( Giraf- 



foidea.~) 



One family. GIKAFFIDAE. (XXIX.) 



b. Neck comparatively more or less short, the cervical vertebrae 

 (3 — 7) being normally developed : the dorso-lumbar vertebrae 

 longer, and highest backwards, the hinder limbs being considerably 

 longer than the anterior. Horns diversiform. (Booidea.) 



i. Skull with the auditory bulla produced downwards, especially 

 towards the inside, and applied behind to the paroccipital pro- 

 cess. Styloid process deflected more or less forwards and en- 

 closed in an oblique fold on the outer surface of the auditory 

 bulla. Palatine axis declivous from the occipito-sphenoid axis. 

 (Booidea typica.) 



a. Horns persistent, (common to both sexes,) and developed as 

 sheaths of true "horn" on osseous cores originating from the 

 frontal bones. Styloid process partially enclosed in a more or 

 less open canal. 



a. 1. Olfactory organ extremely expanded and inflated above: 

 nasal bones much abbreviated, arched upwards, and entirely 

 separated from the supra-maxillaries as well as lachrymals, 

 the frontals projecting between the latter and the nasals. 

 Supra-maxillaries and inter-maxillaries reduced and atten- 

 uated forwards. Posterior nasal cavity with walls inflated 



outwards. 



SAIGIIDAE. (XXX.) 



a. 2. Olfactory organ normally developed : nasal bones elonga- 

 ted, straight or declining forwards, and connected by suture 

 with the lachrymals, supra-maxillaries and sometimes with 

 the inter-maxillaries. Supra-maxillaries and inter-maxil- 

 laries well-developed forwards. 



BOVIDAE. (XXXI.) 



b. Horns deciduous, peculiar to the rutting season, (in both 

 sexes,) develojjed as pseudocorneous sheaths with agglutinated 

 hairs on osseous cores originating from the frontal bones. Sty- 



