HEMIPTERA. OllTIIOPTERA. 43 



bernating species are found under leaves in hard-wood forests. 

 The large carnivorous kinds are sometimes found on bushes 

 with caterpillars transfixed on their jaws. Aquatic species 

 should be taken out by the water-net by thrusting it suddenly 

 under surface swimming species, or by pushing it among sub- 

 merged grass or weeds where the smaller forms may be lurking : 

 several kinds occur under submerged logs, sticks, etc. 



The soft-bodied species of Aphis or plant F j g . 40. 



lice should be preserved in alcohol, glycerine 

 or Canada balsam. They should be carefully 

 watched for their parasites, and can be easily 

 kept in slender glass vials through which they 

 can be watched. 



All the bugs should be pinned through the 

 distinct triangular scutellum situated in the 

 middle at the base of the wings (Fig. 42). The small hard 

 species of leaf hoppers should be pinned through the right 

 wing cover. Birds and various quadrupeds should be carefully 

 examined for lice which may be preserved in alcohol. 



OKTIIOPTERA. 



GRASSHOPPERS. 



Orthoptera can be easily preserved in strong alcohol, and 

 may afterwards be taken out and pinned and set at leisure. 

 If preserved dry they can be killed with cyanide of potassium, 

 or ether, without losing their colors, as they would do after 

 remaining long in alcohol. They should be pinned through a 

 little triangular spot between the bases of the elytra, or fore 

 wings, when the wings can be spread to advantage. They are 

 also often pinned through the right elytron, as in Coleoptera. 

 In pinning these insects for transportation care should be 

 taken to put in additional pins crossing each other on each side 

 of the abdomen, and in like manner to steady the hind legs. 

 which are very apt to fall off if too much jarred. 



