TURDUS. 



15 



Additional figures : Aud. Birds Am. Ill, pi. cxlvi.— Ib. Orn. Biog. I, 

 pi. Iviii. 

 Eah. Eastern North America. Cuba, Cab. Mexico ? 



A large series of specimens from the northern parts of the United 

 States shows considerable variations in color, etc. In all, of course, 

 the rump and tail are rufous, in decided contrast with the rest of the 

 upper parts. The shade of color here varies considerably, however: 

 generally it is of reddish olive, sometimes as bright and of the same 

 shade as in T.fuscescens (as in 7591, Washington), though generally 

 a little less intense. In two specimens only does the back have the 

 olive rather than reddish shade predominant (28,225, Washington ; 

 29,649, Maine), as in T. swaijisonii and nanus. These specimens are 

 almost as small as nanus, but have the large bill and fulvous tinge 

 of sides and crissum of pallasii. In many specimens there are vestiges 

 of the lighter spots on the ends of the wing coverts. 



The under parts do not vary much, although sometimes the tinge 

 of pale buff across the breast is more decided ; sometimes nearly 

 wanting. The size is pretty constant ; the wing rarely exceeds 3.75, 

 in one case only (2,092, Carlisle) measuring 3.85 ; in half the speci- 

 mens it is about .20 less. The bill, too, is pretty constantly .40 

 from tip to nostril. The tarsi measure about 1.15. 



A young bird has all the feathers of the head, back, and wing 

 coverts streaked centrally with drop-shaped spots of rusty yellowish. 



I have seen no specimen of this bird from south of the limits of the 

 United States. Mr. Sclater quotes one from Orizaba ; but it may 

 be the auduboni, as Prof. Sumichrast has sent a specimen referable 

 rather to the latter variety. 



List of Specimens. 



Smith- 

 sonian 

 No. 



22,610 



31,413 



CoUec- 

 tor's 

 No. 



Sex 

 and 

 Age. 



Locality. 



Fort Simpson, B, A. 

 Fort, Peel's River. 

 Ft. Rae, Slave Lake. 

 Ft. Resolution, " 



When 

 Collected. 



Sep. 6, 1860. 



Received from 



B. R. Ross. 



C. P. Gaudet. 

 L. Clark, Jr. 

 J. Lockhart. 



Collected by 



Turdus nanus. 



Tardus nanus, Aud. Orn. Biog. V, 1839, 201, pi. cci.— Baird, Birds N. A. 



1858, 213.— Sclater, P. Z. S. 1859.— Ib. Catal. 1861. 

 ? Turdus aonalaschka, Gmelin, S. N. I, 1788, 808. 

 ?? Muscicapa guttata, Pallas, Zoog. Rosso-Asiat. II, 1811, 465. 



Uab. Western North America (south of Columbia R. ?) to Rocky Mountains, 

 south to Cape St. Lucas. 



